马尔库塞技术理性批判思想及其启示

作者	谢玉霞
姓名汉语拼音	xieyuxia
学号	2021000007030
培养单位	兰州财经大学
电话	17393175225
电子邮件	2745909143@qq.com
入学年份	2021-9
学位类别	学术硕士
培养级别	硕士研究生
学科门类	法学
一级学科名称	马克思主义理论
学科方向	马克思主义原理
学科代码	030501
第一导师姓名	李国红
第一导师姓名汉语拼音	liguohong
第一导师单位	兰州财经大学
第一导师职称	教授
题名	马尔库塞技术理性批判思想及其启示
英文题名	Marcuse's Critique of Technological Rationality and Its Inspiration
关键词	马尔库塞技术理性批判科学技术现实启示
外文关键词	Marcuse ； Critique of technical rationality ； science and technology；Realistic enlightenment
摘要	赫伯特•马尔库塞在自己的历史时代见证了西方科学技术的异化现实。科技进步虽然提高了社会生产力，给人们带来了丰富的物质产品，改善了人们的生活水平，但同时也造就了技术理性统治一切的现实。在技术理性统治下，人渐渐沦为技术的奴隶。为了挽救人的这一现实状况，马尔库塞基于马克思人的全面发展思想提出了相对完整的技术理性批判思想。当代我国社会的发展进步离不开科技的支撑，为了最大限度地避免技术进步可能带来的问题，必须正确认识科技的利与弊，并高度重视结合工具理性与价值理性的技术理性理念。从这一点来说，我们要重视对马尔库塞技术理性批判思想的研究。同时，要立足于马克思主义的立场、观点和方法，学会用发展变化的观点和辩证统一的思想来分析马尔库塞技术理性批判思想，自觉克服其片面性和局限性。本论文算是在这方面做出的初步尝试。论文首先研究马尔库塞技术理性批判思想产生的社会背景和思想来源。社会背景主要包括科技的发展所带来的生产方式的体系化和社会生活方式的单一化以及由此所激发的社会性反抗意识的兴起。思想来源主要包括黑格尔的理性哲学、马克思的异化理论和弗洛伊德的本能理论。其次分析概括了马尔库塞的技术理性批判思想的主要内容，主要包括单向度理论以及关于经济、政治、文化的批判理论。再次分析了马尔库塞技术理性批判思想的社会贡献和历史局限。马尔库塞技术理性批判思想的积极意义在于，它揭示了技术理性统治下的负面社会影响，为人们以批判的眼光看待科技生活现实、正确认识科技双刃剑本质、发挥人的主体能动性价值提供了理论指导。局限性在于，他过分关注技术理性的工具属性，并错误地将技术理性异化的根源归于技术本身，过度批判技术的负面作用，陷入了悲观的技术宿命论。最后将马尔库塞技术理性批判思想与我国社会现实相结合，总结了马尔库塞技术理性批判思想对我们的现实启示，包括正确认识技术的双面性、在技术发展过程中提高人的主体性地位、重视人的批判性思维的培养和协调技术理性的工具属性和价值属性等方面。
英文摘要	Herbert Marcuse witnessed the alienation of Western science and technology in his own historical era. Although technological progress has increased social productivity, brought abundant material products to people, and improved their living standards, it has also created a reality where technological rationality dominates everything. Under the rule of technological rationality, people gradually become slaves to technology. In order to save the reality of human beings, Marcuse proposed a relatively complete critique of technological rationality based on Marx's concept of comprehensive human development. The development and progress of contemporary Chinese society cannot be separated from the support of technology. In order to minimize the potential problems caused by technological progress, it is necessary to have a correct understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of technology, and attach great importance to the concept of technological rationality that combines instrumental rationality and value rationality. From this point of view, we should attach importance to the study of Marcuse's critical thinking on technological rationality. At the same time, we should base ourselves on the position, viewpoint, and method of Marxism, learn to use the perspective of development and change and the dialectical unity to analyze Marcuse's critical thinking of technological rationality, and consciously overcome its one-sidedness and limitations.This paper is considered a preliminary attempt in this regard. The paper first studies the social background and ideological sources of Marcuse's critique of technological rationality. The social background mainly includes the systematization of production methods and the singularity of social lifestyles brought about by the development of technology, as well as the rise of social resistance consciousness stimulated by it. The main sources of thought include Hegel's rational philosophy, Marx's theory of alienation, and Freud's theory of instinct. Secondly, the main content of Marcuse's critical thinking on technological rationality was analyzed and summarized, including one-dimensional theory and critical theories on economics, politics, and culture. Analyzed once again the social contributions and historical limitations of Marcuse's critique of technological rationality. The positive significance of Marcuse's critical thinking on technological rationality lies in its revelation of the negative social impact under the rule of technological rationality, providing theoretical guidance for people to view the reality of technological life with a critical perspective, correctly understand the essence of the double-edged sword of technology, and unleash the value of human subjectivity. The limitation lies in his excessive focus on the instrumental attributes of technological rationality and erroneous attribution of the alienation of technological rationality to technology itself, excessive criticism of the negative effects of technology, and falling into a pessimistic view of technological determinism. Finally, the combination of Marcuse's critical thinking of technological rationality with China's social reality is summarized, which provides us with practical insights, including a correct understanding of the dual nature of technology, enhancing human subjectivity in the process of technological development, emphasizing the cultivation of critical thinking, and coordinating the instrumental and value attributes of technological rationality.
学位类型	硕士
答辩日期	2024-05-26
学位授予地点	甘肃省兰州市
语种	中文
论文总页数	66
参考文献总数	83
馆藏号	0005909
保密级别	公开
中图分类号	A81/144
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.lzufe.edu.cn/handle/39EH0E1M/37020
专题	马克思主义学院
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	谢玉霞. 马尔库塞技术理性批判思想及其启示[D]. 甘肃省兰州市. 兰州财经大学,2024.

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