财税与公共管理学院知识库

当前我国经济进入由增长向高质量跨越发展的攻坚期，如何更快更好实现经济高质量发展是我国经济面临的重大课题之一。以创新驱动经济高质量发展，是提升经济增长质量与经济转型的关键，也是中国式现代化的根本要求。其中，城市作为我国创新活动的主要载体和创新要素的主要聚集地，城市创新已成为创新活动中十分重要的一环，通过城市创新水平提升从而实现局部创新带动国家整体创新是我国实现创新发展的重要途径，也是提升综合国力和国家竞争力的必由之路。而当前我国各个城市创新水平参差不齐等问题，影响了区域协调发展的长远规划目标实现和国家创新发展进程。因此，在保证创新活动是以市场为主导的前提下，地方政府应该发挥其“看得见的手”的作用，当市场无法实现创新资源的有效配置以及无法实现创新目标时，地方政府应该加强对创新经济的宏观调控，比如建立区域间协调发展模式、建立城市合作创新机制、完善对创新主体的支持政策等方面入手使创新效益最大化。而其中，财政科技支出作为地方政府调控创新活动最为直接的手段，对本地创新水平产生了一定的影响。因此，研究市级财政科技支出对城市创新的影响对推动城市创新发展，提高城市创新水平以及经济社会可持续发展，具有重要意义。     

文章分为五大部分进行讨论，首先第一部分介绍了文章的研究背景、理论意义与现实意义、总结与主题相关的国内外相关文献综述，并介绍了所采用的研究方法；其次第二部分界定了财政科技支出与城市创新的概念定义，并从创新理论、公共产品理论和外部性理论三个方面阐述文章的理论基础；接着第三部分分析了市级财政科技支出和城市创新水平的发展现状与二者之间的作用机理；第四部分进行市级财政科技支出对城市创新的实证分析；最后一部分总结全文，并提出相关的政策建议。

本文得出的主要结论有：第一，从整体上看，市级财政科技支出对本地的城市创新水平有显著的促进作用，且对周边城市具有正向空间溢出效应；第二，分区域来看，东部城市的市级财政科技支出对城市创新的促进作用最强，并且对周边城市具有显著的正向空间溢出作用，而中西部城市的市级财政科技支出对周边城市的创新水平并没有显著的正向空间溢出作用；第三，分时期与城市行政级别来看，市级财政科技支出对城市创新的促进作用在2014-2019年间、省会城市和副省级城市中更为明显。

At present, China's economy has entered a period of breakthrough from growth to high-quality leapfrog development, and how to achieve high-quality economic development faster and better is one of the major issues facing China's economy.Driving high-quality economic development with innovation is the key to improving the quality of economic growth and economic transformation, and it is also the fundamental requirement for Chinese-style modernization. Among them, the city as the main carrier of China's innovation activities and the main gathering place of innovation elements, urban innovation has become a very important part of innovation activities, through the improvement of urban innovation level to achieve local innovation to drive the overall innovation of the country is an important way for China to achieve innovative development, but also to enhance the comprehensive national strength and national competitiveness of the only way. At present, the uneven level of innovation in various cities in China and other problems affect the realization of long-term planning goals for coordinated regional development and the national innovation development process. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring that innovation activities are market-led, local governments should play their role as "visible hands", and when the market cannot achieve the effective allocation of innovation resources and cannot achieve innovation goals, local governments should strengthen macro-control of the innovation economy, such as establishing a coordinated development model between regions, establishing a cooperative innovation mechanism for cities, and improving support policies for innovation subjects to maximize the benefits of innovation. Among them, fiscal science and technology expenditure, as the most direct means for local governments to regulate and control innovation activities, has a certain impact on the level of local innovation. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the impact of municipal financial science and technology expenditure on urban innovation to promote urban innovation development, improve urban innovation level and sustainable economic and social development.   

The paper is divided into five parts for discussion, first of all, the first part introduces the research background, theoretical significance and practical significance of the article, summarizes the relevant literature reviews at home and abroad related to the theme, and introduces the research methods adopted; Secondly, the second part defines the conceptual definition of fiscal science and technology expenditure and urban innovation, and expounds the theoretical basis of the paper from three aspects: innovation theory, public goods theory and externality theory. Then, the third part analyzes the development status of municipal financial science and technology expenditure and urban innovation level and the mechanism between them. The fourth part is to conduct an empirical analysis of municipal financial science and technology expenditure on urban innovation; The final section summarizes the full text and makes relevant policy recommendations.

The main conclusions drawn in this paper are: first, on the whole, municipal financial science and technology expenditure has a significant role in promoting the local urban innovation level, and has a positive spatial spillover effect on surrounding cities; Second, from the perspective of sub-regions, the municipal financial science and technology expenditure of eastern cities has the strongest effect on urban innovation and has a significant positive spatial spillover effect on surrounding cities, while the municipal financial science and technology expenditure of central and western cities does not have a significant positive spatial spillover effect on the innovation level of surrounding cities. Third, from the perspective of time period and city administrative level, the role of municipal financial science and technology expenditure in promoting urban innovation was more obvious in provincial capitals and sub-provincial cities from 2014 to 2019.