财税与公共管理学院知识库

农民收入的增长是解决“三农”问题的关键，我国农民人口还占据相当大的比例，农民的收入问题不仅关乎农村的整体发展，还关系到整个地区的经济。农业的弱质性就决定了其发展需要财政的支持，而农业生产的结果又影响到农民收入，因此，财政农业支出深刻地作用于农民收入。黑龙江省黑土地面积广阔，农业一直是当地的支柱产业，政府对农业的发展也很重视，为了促进农业发展也给予了很大的支持，但农民收入却增长较慢。因此，本文目的在于分析其原因，找出黑龙江省的财政支农支出与农民收入之间的关系。

本文共分为五个部分。第一部分是绪论，首先从研究背景入手，讨论了本文研究的理论意义和现实意义，介绍了国内外的研究成果，随后提出本文的研究方法、主要内容以及不足之处。第二部分是相关概念介绍和理论分析，首先对于支农支出和农民收入的概念进行了梳理，并分析了二者的作用机理，然后对本文运用的理论基础进行介绍，分别是公共产品理论、财政农业投资理论和二元经济理论。第三部分介绍了黑龙江省财政支农的相关政策和现状，又从规模和结构两方面研究了黑龙江省农民收入的现状，最后对黑龙江省财政支农支出的成效进行了分析。第四部分通过建立模型，对黑龙江省的财政支农和农民收入进行实证研究，并对实证结果进行了原因分析。第五部分是结论和政策建议，根据前文对黑龙江省的情况分析及实证结果显示，总结出文章的三个主要结论，相应的列出了有效的政策建议。

本文的主要结论有：第一，财政支农支出可以拉动农民收入增长；第二，财政支农支出的增长并不稳定第三，农民收入受到多种因素的综合影响。

基于上述结论提出如下政策建议：第一，加强支农力度，促进稳定增长；第二，考虑多种因素，发挥协同机制；第三，确立支农重点，调整支出结构；第四，提高支农效率，重视资金监管。

The increase of farmers' income is the road to solve the problems of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers". The income of farmers is not  related to the overall development of rural areas, but also related to the economy of the whole region. The weak quality of agriculture determines that its development needs financial support, and the result of agricultural production affects farmers' income. Therefore, financial agricultural expenditure has a profound effect on farmers' income. Heilongjiang province has a vast area of black soil, and agriculture has always been the local pillar industry. The government also attaches great importance to the development of agriculture and gives great support to promote agricultural development, but farmers' income increases slowly. Therefore, this paper studies this problem and discusses the relationship between fiscal expenditure on agricultural support and farmers' income in Heilongjiang Province.

This paper has five parts. The first part is introduction. Firstly, it discusses the theoretical and practical significance of this study from the research background, and then introduces the research results at home and abroad. Finally, it proposes the research method, main content and shortcomings of this paper. The second part is the introduction and theoretical analysis of related concepts. Firstly, the concept of agricultural support expenditure and farmers' income is sorted out, and the mechanism of action of the two is analyzed. Then, the theoretical basis used in this paper is introduced, which are public property theory, financial agricultural investment theory and macro-control theory. The third part analyzes the relevant policies and current situation of fiscal support for agriculture in Heilongjiang Province, and studies the current situation of farmers' income in Heilongjiang Province from two aspects of scale and structure, and finally introduces the effect of fiscal support for agriculture expenditure in Heilongjiang Province. The fourth part through the establishment of a model, to heilongjiang province's financial support to agriculture and farmers' income empirical analysis, the empirical results were analyzed. The fifth part is the conclusion and policy advice. According to the analysis and empirical results of Heilongjiang Province, three main conclusions are summarized and effective policy suggestions are listed accordingly.

The important conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, financial support for agriculture expenditure can stimulate the increase of farmers' income; Second, the growth of financial support for agriculture is not stable. Third, farmers' income is affected by a variety of factors.

The following policy suggestions are put forward: first, strengthen agricultural support and promote stable growth; Second, consider a variety of factors, give play to the synergy mechanism; Third, make clear the focus of supporting agriculture and optimize the structure of expenditure; Fourth, improve the efficiency of supporting agriculture and attach importance to capital supervision.