统计与数据科学学院知识库

  随着全球环境问题日益严峻，绿色发展成为各国经济转型的重要方向，绿色与创新成为推动企业转型发展的关键因素。特别是在制造业领域，由于其高能耗、重污染、低产出的特点，如何实现绿色转型和升级，成为了各国政府和企业面临的重要挑战。在此背景下，绿色工厂评定政策作为制造业领域内的一项关键政策工具，其实质是自愿型环境规制政策在我国特定制度环境下的创新性实践，对企业绿色技术创新的促进作用备受关注。

  本文基于2010-2022年中国A股上市公司数据，运用多时点DID模型探究绿色工厂评定政策对企业绿色技术创新的影响效应。本论文的前半部分将对我国绿色工厂评定政策及企业绿色技术创新的发展现状进行归纳与分析，并在此基础上提出相关的理论框架与研究假设。后半部分则通过构建多时点的双重差分模型进行实证分析，探讨绿色工厂评定政策与企业绿色技术创新之间的关系，进而得出相关的结论与建议。本研究从多个维度展开分析，包括平均效应、中介机制以及异质性机制等方面。

  研究表明，绿色工厂评定政策的实施显著促进了企业在绿色技术创新方面的进展。具体来说，企业的研发投入和研发人员数量在这一过程中起到了重要的中介作用。绿色工厂评定政策通过影响企业的研发资金投入及研发团队规模，进而推动企业绿色技术创新水平的提升。关于异质性机制，企业的产权性质对绿色工厂评定政策的效果存在差异。相较于非国有企业，绿色工厂评定政策对国有企业绿色技术创新的促进作用更为显著。进一步分析显示，这一效应在不同地区的企业中也表现出明显的差异。在东部发达地区，绿色工厂评定政策对国有企业绿色技术创新的推动效果尤其显著，而在中西部经济较为欠发达的地区，相关的促进作用则较弱，甚至未能达到显著水平。这一发现揭示了区域差异对绿色工厂评定政策效果的影响，为进一步推动全国范围内的绿色技术创新提供了重要参考。在实证分析的最后，通过进行安慰剂检验、PSM-DID方法以及更换匹配方法的检验，结果依然得到了确认，验证了结论的稳健性。依据研究结论，论文提出相关政策建议，进一步加强对企业绿色技术创新的引导，优化政策实施路径，推动企业绿色转型，实现可持续发展目标。

     With the increasing severity of global environmental issues, green development has become a critical direction for economic transformation in countries worldwide. Green practices and innovation have emerged as key factors driving corporate transformation and development. Particularly in the manufacturing sector, characterized by high energy consumption, heavy pollution, and low output, achieving green transformation and upgrading has become a significant challenge for governments and enterprises globally. Against this backdrop, the Green Factory Evaluation Policy, as a key policy tool in the manufacturing sector, represents an innovative practice of voluntary environmental regulation within China’s specific institutional context. Its role in promoting corporate green technology innovation has attracted considerable attention.  

      This study examines the impact of the Green Factory Evaluation Policy on corporate green technology innovation using data from China’s A-share listed companies between 2010 and 2022, employing a multi-period Difference-in-Differences (DID) model. The first half of the paper summarizes and analyzes the development status of China’s Green Factory Evaluation Policy and corporate green technology innovation, establishing a theoretical framework and research hypotheses. The latter half conducts empirical analysis using a multi-period DID model to explore the relationship between the Green Factory Evaluation Policy and corporate green technology innovation, leading to relevant conclusions and recommendations. The research extends its analysis across multiple dimensions, including average effects, mediating mechanisms, and heterogeneity mechanisms.  

     The findings indicate that the implementation of the Green Factory Evaluation Policy significantly enhances corporate green technology innovation. Specifically, corporate R&D investment and the number of R&D personnel play crucial mediating roles in this process. The policy influences green technology innovation by affecting firms’ R&D funding and team size. Regarding heterogeneity, the effect of the Green Factory Evaluation Policy varies with firms’ ownership structures. Compared to non-state-owned enterprises, the policy has a more pronounced promotional effect on green technology innovation in state-owned enterprises. Further analysis reveals regional disparities in the policy’s impact. In the economically developed eastern regions, the policy’s effect on green technology innovation in state-owned enterprises is particularly significant, whereas in the less developed central and western regions, the promotional effect is weaker or even insignificant. This finding highlights the influence of regional differences on the policy’s effectiveness, providing important insights for further promoting green technology innovation nationwide.  

     Finally, robustness checks—including placebo tests, PSM-DID methods, and alternative matching approaches—confirm the reliability of the conclusions. Based on the findings, the paper proposes policy recommendations to strengthen guidance for corporate green technology innovation, optimize policy implementation pathways, and facilitate corporate green transformation to achieve sustainable development goals.