国际经济与贸易学院知识库

制造业是国家发展的主引擎，制造业出口技术复杂度是衡量制造业出口竞争力的关键指标，然而中国制造业出口产品在国际市场上缺乏技术优势，所以为实现贸易强国的目标，提升制造业出口技术复杂度和促进制造业转型升级成为中国迫切需求。长江经济带的11个省市拥有强大的经济潜力，具有良好的制造业基础，且数字经济发展水平高。因此，本文选取长江经济带作为研究对象，重点研究数字经济对制造业出口技术复杂度的影响机制，旨在为长江经济带融合数字经济与制造业，增强制造业出口技术复杂度提供理论支撑与实践指导，从而为中国通过数字经济的发展，实现制造业出口技术复杂度的提升，提供经验参考与指导。

本文通过数字经济和出口技术复杂度等核心概念，以比较优势理论、技术差距理论、数据驱动理论为基础，选取2012年至2022年长江经济带11个省市的样本数据作为分析对象，通过构建综合指标体系，量化评估数字经济发展水平和制造业出口技术复杂度，并运用固定效应模型展开实证检验，以深入分析两者的内在关联。研究发现：（1）数字经济对长江经济带制造业出口技术复杂度的提升具有明显的推动作用，并且在此过程中人力资本、技术创新和经济发展水平发挥中介作用。（2）长江经济带的11个省市的数字经济发展水平呈现发展不平衡的情况，表现出“马太效应”。（3）分地区的异质性分析表明，数字经济对长江经济带中游和上游地区的制造业出口技术复杂度的推动效果更为显著。鉴于此，为进一步提升长江经济带制造业出口技术复杂度，本文提出强化长江流域经济带上中下游的协同效应、加快推进新型数字化基础设施的融合利用、“引育并重”打造高标准专业化人才队伍、持续推动资金向制造业技术创新领域倾斜、不断促进数字经济与制造业深度融合发展五点对策建议。

Manufacturing is the main engine of a country's development. The sophistication of technology embodied in manufacturing exports serves as a pivotal benchmark for assessing the competitive edge of exports of a nation. However, Chinese manufacturing exports lack technological advantages in the international market. Therefore, to achieve the goal of becoming a trade power, for China, there is an imperative necessity to elevate the technological sophistication of its manufacturing exports and to catalyze the metamorphosis and advancement of its industrial sector. The 11 provinces and municipalities along the Yangtze River Economic Belt have strong economic potential, have a solid manufacturing foundation, and enjoy a high level of digital economic development. Thus, this study selects the Yangtze River Economic Belt as its research focus, delving into the mechanisms by which the digital economy impacts the technological complexity of manufacturing exports. Its aim is to furnish theoretical underpinnings and actionable recommendations for the integration of the digital economy with the manufacturing sector within the Yangtze River Economic Belt, thereby elevating the technological sophistication of manufacturing exports. By pursuing this line of inquiry, the paper seeks to offer both experiential insights and strategic guidance on how the development of the digital economy can be harnessed to enhance the technological complexity of manufacturing exports.

This paper, based on core concepts such as digital economy and export technology complexity, and theories including comparative advantage theory, technology gap theory, and data-driven theory, selects sample data from 11 provinces and municipalities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2012 to 2022 as the analysis object. This study establishes a comprehensive index system to quantitatively assess both the development level of the digital economy and the technological complexity of manufacturing exports. By employing a fixed-effects model for empirical analysis, it aims to delve into the intrinsic relationship between these two dimensions. The research findings are as follows: (1) The digital economy exerts a significant positive impact on enhancing the technological complexity of manufacturing exports in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, with human capital, technological innovation, and the level of economic development serving as mediating factors in this process. (2) The advancement level of the digital economy in the 11 provinces and municipalities of the Yangtze River Economic Belt shows an unbalanced situation, demonstrating a "Matthew effect". (3) The regional heterogeneity analysis reveals that the digital economy exerts a more pronounced impact on boosting the technological sophistication of manufacturing exports in the central and upstream areas of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. In view of this, to further enhance the technological intricacy of manufacturing exports within the Yangtze River Economic Belt, this paper proposes five countermeasures and suggestions: strengthening the synergy effect among the upstream, midstream, and downstream regions of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, accelerating the integrated utilization of new digital infrastructure, "attracting and cultivating" to build a high-standard professional talent team, continuously tilting funds towards technological innovation in the manufacturing industry, and constantly promoting the in-depth integration and the advancement of the digital economy and the manufacturing sector.