国际经济与贸易学院知识库

党的二十大报告指出绿色低碳发展是中国式现代化的本质要求之一。为应对全球气候变化带来的新挑战，中国提出绿色发展理念，统筹经济发展与环境保护，以实现碳达峰碳中和目标，并积极探索循环经济、清洁生产及低碳经济等多种可持续发展模式以应对这些挑战。碳排放权交易政策作为实现环境质量改善的有效工具，被各国政府广泛采用以推动碳减排和产业绿色转型发展。在双碳目标背景下，我国在北京、上海、湖北等七个省市开展碳排放权交易政策并于2013年正式启动。作为一种市场型环境规制手段，碳排放权交易政策在我国应对气候变化和温室气体减排战略中发挥着关键作用。该政策工作通过建立市场化碳排放配额交易体系，不仅能够促进节能减排，同时也有助于推动产业绿色低碳经济的发展。

本文系统性地探讨了碳排放权交易政策对产业绿色转型的影响作用，通过对国内外文献的深入梳理与分析，阐述了碳排放权交易政策的理论基础和作用机制，并概述了我国碳排放权交易政策的实施现状；利用熵值法对产业绿色转型进行了测度，并描述了目前国内产业绿色转型的发展现状；为进一步探究碳排放权交易政策对产业绿色转型的影响，将2006-2022年的城市面板数据作为研究对象，构建双重差分模型，并进行稳健性检验。结果发现，碳排放权交易政策能够促进产业绿色转型升级；同时，分析东西部地区的异质性影响发现，碳排放权交易政策能明显加速东部地区产业绿色转型进程，但对中西部地区的影响相对有限；为深入理解碳排放权交易政策促进产业绿色转型的内在机制，通过中介效应来检验绿色金融、技术创新和产业结构高级化在其中起到的作用机制。结果表明，碳排放权交易政策可以通过发展绿色金融、技术创新和产业结构高级化来促进产业绿色转型，且都起到了部分中介作用。基于以上研究结论，以及为了实现“双碳”目标，本文提出完善碳排放权交易制度、完善绿色金融政策体系、提高技术创新水平以及推动产业结构高级化的具体措施，以期为未来城市可持续发展路径的制定提供理论和实践支持，实现城市产业结构的绿色转型升级，从而推动城市经济的可持续发展。

The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) highlighted green and low-carbon development as a fundamental aspect of modernization with Chinese characteristics. In response to the challenges posed by global climate change and to balance economic growth with environmental protection, China has adopted the concept of green development. The country is actively pursuing sustainable development models, including the circular economy, clean production, and low-carbon economy. Carbon emission trading policies, recognized globally as effective tools for enhancing environmental quality, have been widely implemented by governments to drive carbon emission reductions and facilitate the green transformation of industries. In line with the dual carbon goals, China launched carbon emission trading policies in seven provinces and cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Hubei, which officially commenced in 2013. As a market-driven environmental regulation mechanism aimed at addressing climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the framework of carbon trading schemes drives both resource preservation and pollution mitigation while stimulating the expansion of environmentally sustainable sectors. Such mechanisms incentivize investments in renewable technologies and promote the modernization of traditional industries. By participating in emissions allowance markets, enterprises can achieve ecological and financial benefits, supporting the shift towards a cleaner economic model.

This research thoroughly explores how carbon allowance schemes influence the eco-friendly shift in various sectors. By evaluating extensive scholarly works from global and local sources, it initially delineates the conceptual basis and operational frameworks of these environmental policies, then proceeds to assess their application progress within the Chinese context. The entropy method is employed to measure the green transformation of industries, providing a description of the current state of green transformation within domestic industries. To further explore the specific effects of carbon emission trading policies on industrial green transformation, city-level panel data from 2006 to 2022 are analyzed using a difference-in-differences model, supplemented by robustness tests. The findings reveal that carbon emission trading policies significantly promote the green transformation and upgrading of industries. Furthermore, an analysis of regional variations reveals that such measures exert a stronger influence in expediting the eco-friendly transition in the eastern areas, while their impact on the central and western zones remains relatively modest. To gain a deeper understanding of how carbon allowance mechanisms propel sectoral sustainability, a mediation model is developed to evaluate the contributions of environmental finance, advancements in technology, and shifts in industrial frameworks. The findings highlight that carbon trading initiatives support the shift towards greener industries by boosting sustainable financing, encouraging tech-driven progress, and enhancing structural changes in the industrial landscape, with each element serving as a partial mediator in the process. Based on these findings and to support the achievement of the "dual carbon" goals, this paper proposes specific measures, including refining the carbon emission trading system, enhancing the green finance policy framework, boosting technological innovation capabilities, increasing fiscal expenditure in pilot cities, and accelerating industrial structure upgrading. These recommendations aim to provide theoretical and practical insights for shaping sustainable urban development strategies, achieving the green transformation and upgrading of urban industrial structures, and ultimately promoting the sustainable development of urban economies.