统计与数据科学学院知识库

在全球气候和生态问题日益突出的背景下，各国都面临着前所未有的环境挑战。其中，绿色低碳发展备受关注，全球致力于推进可持续发展和环境保护。低碳经济已成为全球经济发展的主流趋势，越来越多的国家和企业意识到了减少碳排放的重要性。随着信息技术的快速发展，金融业正逐渐向数字化、智能化转型。数字金融作为一种新兴的金融服务模式，具有促进资源配置优化、降低碳排放、推动经济绿色转型的潜力，对“双碳”目标的实现起到了至关重要的支持作用。研究数字金融与碳排放之间的关系为实现经济、科技、环境的共同发展提供了新的契机，同时，也有助于探索低碳经济发展的新路径和新动力。本研究首先对相关理论进行梳理，并基于现有研究成果，探讨了数字金融对碳排放的影响途径，并尝试探索了数字金融碳减排的非线性效应。其次，对我国2011-2021 年数字金融与碳排放总量和碳排放强度（以下简称碳排放）的基本数据进行了可视化展示与分析。随后，运用2011-2021 年我国 30 个省市（除西藏、港澳台）的面板数据，建立了双向固定效应模型，初步研究了数字金融对碳排放的直接影响，并进行了内生性处理和一系列稳健性检验。然后从数字金融维度、地理位置维度，碳排放维度进行维度异质性研究。接下来，建立了中介效应模型，以验证经济增长、城镇化水平和能源消耗的中介作用，深入探究数字金融对碳排放的间接影响机制。进一步，利用面板平滑转换模型（PSTR）和面板门槛模型（PTR）检验数字金融、经济增长、城镇化水平以及能源消耗在数字金融影响碳排放过程中的非线性效应。实证结果表明：第一，数字金融的发展能够显著降低各地区的碳排放，在进行内生性处理和一系列稳健性检验后，该结果仍然成立；第二，从数字金融维度来看，数字金融覆盖广度的碳减排作用最大，其次是使用深度，而数字化程度对碳排放的影响并不显著；从不同地理位置维度来看，西部地区数字金融的碳排放抑制效果明显优于中部和东部地区；随着碳排放的增加，数字金融的碳减排效果呈现出倒“U”型变化趋势。第三，中介机制分析结果显示，数字金融可以通过推动经济增长和提高城镇化水平来间接减少碳排放，降低能源消耗是数字金融抑制碳排放的有效路径；第四，随着数字金融发展水平、经济发展水平、城镇化水平的提高，数字金融对碳排放的抑制效果增强，表现出非线性变化特征；基于能源消耗量的不同，数字金融对碳排放的抑制作用存在门槛效应，随着能源消耗量的增加，数字金融的碳减排作用降低。最后，基于研究结论，论文提出了相应的对策建议。

Against the backdrop of increasingly prominent global climate andecologicalissues, countries are facing unprecedented environmental challenges. Amongthem,green and low-carbon development has attracted much attention, andtheworldiscommitted to promoting sustainable development and environmental protection. Thelow-carbon economy has become the mainstream trend of global economicdevelopment, and more and more countries and enterprises are awareoftheimportance of reducing carbon emissions. With the rapid development of informationtechnology, the financial industry is gradually transforming to digital andintelligent.As an emerging financial service model, digital finance has the potential topromotethe optimization of resource allocation, reduce carbon emissions, andpromotethegreen transformation of the economy, and plays a vital role in supportingtherealization of the "dual carbon" goal. Studying the relationship between digital financeand carbon emissions provides a new opportunity for the common developmentofeconomy, science and technology, and environment, and at the same time, it isalsohelpful to explore new paths and new driving forces for the development oflow-carbon economy. Based on the existing research results, this study first reviews therelevanttheories and explores the impact of digital finance on carbon emissions, andattemptsto explore the nonlinear effects of digital finance on carbon emissionreduction.Secondly, the basic data of China's digital finance and total carbon emissionsandcarbon emission intensity (hereinafter referred to as carbon emissions) from2011to 兰州财经大学硕士学位论文 多维度视角下数字金融对碳排放影响的实证研究2021 are visualized and analyzed. Subsequently, using the panel data of 30provincesand cities in China (except Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) from2011to2021,a two-way fixed effect model was established, and the direct impact of digital financeon carbon emissions was preliminarily studied, and endogenous treatment andaseriesof robustness tests were carried out. Then, the dimensional heterogeneityisstudiedfrom the dimensions of digital finance, geographical location, and carbonemissions.Next, an intermediary effect model is established to verify the mediatingroleofeconomic growth, urbanization level and energy consumption, and toexploretheindirect impact mechanism of digital finance on carbon emissions. Furthermore, thePanel Smoothing Conversion Model (PSTR) and the Panel Threshold Model (PTR)are used to test the nonlinear effects of digital finance, economic growth, urbanizationlevel and energy consumption on the impact of digital finance on carbon emissions. The empirical results show that: first, the development of digital financecansignificantly reduce carbon emissions in various regions, and the results arestill validafter endogeneous treatment and a series of robustness tests; Second, fromtheperspective of digital finance, the breadth of digital finance coverage has thegreatesteffect on carbon emission reduction, followed by the depth of use, and theimpactofdigitalization on carbon emissions is not significant. From the perspective of differentgeographical locations, the carbon emission suppression effect of digital financeinthewestern region is significantly better than that in the central and eastern regions. Withthe increase of carbon emissions, the carbon emission reduction effect of digitalfinance shows an inverted "U" shaped change trend. Thirdly, the analysis resultsofthe 兰州财经大学硕士学位论文 多维度视角下数字金融对碳排放影响的实证研究intermediary mechanism show that digital finance can indirectly reducecarbonemissions by promoting economic growth and improving the level of urbanization,and reducing energy consumption is an effective way for digital finance tocurbcarbonemissions. Fourth, with the improvement of the level of development, economicdevelopment and urbanization of digital finance, the inhibition effect of digital financeon carbon emissions has been enhanced, showing nonlinear change characteristics.Based on the difference of energy consumption, there is a threshold effect ontheinhibitory effect of digital finance on carbon emissions, and with the increaseofenergy consumption, the carbon emission reduction effect of digital financedecreases.Finally, based on the research conclusions, the corresponding countermeasuresandsuggestions are put forward.