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气候变暖问题已成为当前备受瞩目的全球治理重点。在应对气候变化并实现双碳目标的进程中，城市扮演着关键角色。2014 年，国家能源局发布了新能源示范城市建设的首批名单，目的是提升城市的可持续发展能力，积极开发和利用各种新能源技术，降低城市对化石能源的消耗和依赖，增加新能源在城市能源结构中的占比。学术界越来越关注新能源示范城市建设，但很少有研究探讨这种建设对城市碳排放的影响和空间溢出效应，尚需研究新能源示范城市建设是否能够减少城市碳排放。此外，仍需进一步探讨新能源示范城市建设通过哪些中间因素影响城市碳排放。基于此，本文选取我国 266 个城市 2009~2019 的面板数据探究新能源示范城市建设对城市碳排放的影响，并结合多种稳健性检验方法，检验了研究结果具备可靠性。同时，进行了异质性分析以检验不同区域以及不同资源禀赋是否会使新能源示范城市建设对城市碳排放的影响存在差异。此外，本文通过机制分析验证了新能源示范城市建设影响城市碳排放的路径。最后，运用空间杜宾模型分析其空间溢出效应。

结果表明：（1）新能源示范城市建设促进了城市的碳减排效应，并且政策实施有时间滞后效应，新能源示范城市建设的碳减排效应在第三年开始显现。（2）新能源示范城市建设的碳减排效应具有异质性。不同区域以及不同资源禀赋都会 使新能源示范城市建设的碳减排效果存在差异。（3）技术创新、产业结构优化和政府财政扶持是新能源示范城市建设实现碳减排效应的三个主要途径。实施新能源示范城市建设能够促进企业技术创新，科研成果转化为节能减排设备从而实现绿色低碳发展，大大提高了城市的生产力，降低了城市碳排放强度；实施新能源示范城市建设能够有效提升城市产业结构优化，降低城市工业比例，高效调整城市产业结构，进而降低城市碳排放强度；实施新能源示范城市建设能够提高政府财政扶持力度，通过引导资金流向新能源领域，淘汰落后产能，推动城市朝着绿色碳方向发展。（4）政策虽然有效促进了新能源示范城市碳减排，但是对于周围城市的碳排放表现出“以邻为壑”的特征，新能源示范城市建设存在污染扩散转移的现象。这一研究结论表明，在制定发展新能源的相关政策过程中，需要将碳排放的省际转移考虑在内。

基于上述结论，本文提出以下政策建议：第一，以能源技术革新为导向，实现城市新能源发展和绿色发展的协调共进。第二，充分发挥地方政府财政资金扶持作用，加强监管和宏观引导。第三，加大对传统能源清洁低碳化和可再生能源的扶持力度，促进产业结构高级化。第四，加强区域碳排放协同监管，促进多主体协同减排。
 

The issue of climate warming has become a high-profile focus of global governance. Cities play a key role in tackling climate change and achieving the dual carbon goals. In 2014, the National Energy Administration released the first list of new energy demonstration cities, with the aim of improving the sustainable development capacityof cities, actively developing and utilizing various new energy technologies, reducing the city's consumption and dependence on fossil energy, and increasing the proportion of new energy in the city's energy structure. Academics are paying more and more attention to the construction of new energy demonstration cities, but few studies have explored the impact of such construction on urban carbon emissions and spatial spillover effects, and it is still necessary to study whether the construction of new energy demonstration cities can reduce urban carbon emissions. In addition, it is still necessary tofurther explore the intermediate factorsthat affect urban carbon emissions through the construction of new energy demonstration cities. Based on this, this paper selects the panel data of 266 cities in China from 2009~2019 to explore the impact of new energy demonstration city construction on urban carbon emissions,and combines a variety of robustness test methods to test the reliability of the research results. At the same time, heterogeneity analysis and mechanism analysis were carried out, and the spatial Durbin model was used to analyze the spatial spillover effect.

The results show that: (1) The construction of new energy demonstration cities promotes the carbon emission reduction effect of cities, and there is a time lag effect in policy implementation, and the carbon emission reduction effect of new energy demonstration city construction begins to appear in the third year. (2) The carbon emission reduction effect of new energy demonstration city construction is heterogeneous. Different regions and different resource endowments will make the carbon emission reduction effect of new energy demonstration city construction different. (3) Technological innovation, industrial structure optimization and government financial support are the three main ways to achieve carbon emission reduction effect in the construction of new energy demonstration cities.The implementation of new energy demonstration cities can promote the technological innovation of enterprises, and the transformation of scientific research achievements into energy-saving and emission-reduction equipment to achieve green andlow-carbon development, greatly improve the productivity of the city, and reduce the urban carbon emission intensity;the implementation of the construction of new energy demonstration cities can effectively improve the optimization of the urban industrial structure,reduce the proportion of urban industry, and efficiently adjust the urban industrial structure, thereby reducing the urban carbon emission intensity; the implementation of the construction of new energy demonstration cities can improve the government's financial support, and promote the development of the city in the direction of green and low-carbon by guiding the flow of funds to the field of new energy, eliminating backward production capacity。 (4) Although the policy has effectively promoted the carbon emission reduction of new energy demonstration cities, the carbon emissions of surrounding cities show the characteristics of "beggar-thy-neighbor", and there is a phenomenon of pollution diffusion and transfer in the construction of new energy demonstration cities. The conclusion of this study shows that the inter-provincial transfer of carbon emissions needs to be taken into account in the process of formulating relevant policies for the development of new energy. 

Based on the above conclusions, this paper puts forward the following policy suggestions: First, we should take energy technology innovation as the guide to realize the coordinated development of urban new energy and green development. Second, give full play to the supporting role of local government financial funds, and strengthen supervision and macro guidance.Third,we will increase support for clean andlow-carbon traditional energy and renewable energy,and promote the upgrading of the industrial structure. Fourth, strengthen the coordinated supervision of regional carbon emissions and promote multi-actor coordinated  emission reduction.