统计与数据科学学院知识库

数字经济是历史发展的必然趋势，近年来，我国数字化建设取得了显著成效，新业态新模式竞相发展，数字政府、智慧城市建设等方面成效显著。与此同时，以创新驱动发展是我国综合考虑国际形势和现实国情后提出的发展战略，创新是国家技术进步与经济高质量发展的重要引擎，同时也是企业获取竞争优势的重要手段，而企业是我国重要的创新主体，是创新成果的主要产出来源。因此，研究数字经济发展对企业创新效率的影响效应具有重要意义。

首先，本文在回顾已有数字经济和创新效率的文献和相关经济理论的基础上，总结了数字经济发展对企业创新效率的影响效应，以及创新资源的流动性和错配程度视角下的作用机制，并提出研究假说。然后，通过熵权法和超效率 SBM-DEA模型计算了我国内陆 30 个省（市）的数字经济发展水平和 1546 家 A 股上市企业的创新效率，并使用要素价格扭曲系数和引力模型对各省（市）的创新资源错配程度和流动性进行了测算。最后，利用面板固定效应模型量化分析数字经济发展对企业创新效率的影响效应，并实证检验了创新资源的流动性及错配程度在其中发挥的机制作用。

研究发现：（1）自 2014 到 2021 年间中国数字经济稳步增长，但存在明显的 区域发展不均衡现象，东部地区领先，其他地区相互差距不大且均明显落后东部地区；上市公司的创新效率表现为低水平波动上升趋势。（2）数字经济发展对企业创新效率的提升具有显著的促进作用；数字经济发展对企业创新效率的促进作用存在异质性，其在我国东、中、西部作用显著，在东北部不显著，并且对国有企业创新效率的促进作用强于非国有企业。（3）机制检验结果显示，数字经济发展可以通过提高创新资源的流动性、缓解创新资源的错配程度提高企业创新效率。

基于上述的研究结论，本文提出了以下政策建议：（1）制定和实施数字经济 区域协调发展策略；（2）鼓励企业数字化转型；（3）鼓励国有企业在数字化转型和产学研合作当中起到带头作用；（4）建立全国创新资源流动的统一信息平台。

The digital economy is an inevitable trend in historical development. In recent years, China's digital construction has achieved significant results, with new formats and models competing for development. Significant achievements have been made in areas such as digital government and smart city construction. At the same time, innovation driven development is a development strategy proposed by China after considering the international situation and current national conditions comprehensively. Innovation is an important engine for national technological progress and high-quality economic development, as well as an important means for enterprises to gain competitive advantages. Enterprises are an important innovation subject in China and the main source of output for innovation achievements. Therefore, studying the impact of digital economy development on enterprise innovation efficiency is of great significance.

Firstly, based on a review of existing literature and relevant economic theories on the digital economy and innovation efficiency, this thesis summarizes the impact of digital economy development on enterprise innovation efficiency, as well as the mechanism of action from the perspective of innovation resource mobility and mismatch, and proposes research hypotheses. Then, the development level of digital economy and innovation efficiency of 1546 A-share listed companies in 30 inland provinces (cities) of China were calculated using entropy weight method and super efficiency SBM-DEA model. The degree of innovation resource mismatch and liquidity of each province (city) were measured using factor price distortion coefficient and gravity model. Finally, a panel fixed effects model was used to quantitatively analyze the impact of digital economy development on enterprise innovation efficiency, and the mechanism of innovation resource liquidity and mismatch was empirically tested. But there is a clear phenomenon of regional development imbalance,

Research has found that: (1) China's digital economy has been steadily growing from 2014 to 2021, but there is a clear regional development imbalance. The eastern region is leading, while the other regions have little gap and are all significantly lagging behind the eastern region; The innovation efficiency of listed companies shows an upward trend of low-level fluctuations. (2) The development of digital economy has a significant promoting effect on the improvement of enterprise innovation efficiency; There is heterogeneity in the promotion effect of digital economy development on innovation efficiency of enterprises. Its effect is significant in the eastern, central, and western regions of China, but not significant in the northeast. Moreover, its promotion effect on innovation efficiency of state-owned enterprises is stronger than that of non-state-owned enterprises. (3) The mechanism test results show that the development of the digital economy can improve the innovation efficiency of enterprises by improving the liquidity of innovation resources and alleviating the mismatch of innovation resources.

Based on the above research conclusions, this thesis proposes the following policy recommendations: (1) Develop and implement regional coordinated development strategies for the digital economy; (2) Encourage digital transformation of enterprises; (3) Encourage state-owned enterprises to play a leading role in digital transformation and industry university research cooperation; (4) Establish a unified information platform for the flow of national innovation resources.