国际经济与贸易学院知识库

当前，中国已进入新时期，改革开放已取得重大成果，在经济得到快速增长的同时金融业也得到迅速发展，在新时期，我国对金融领域也提出了新的要求。然而，高速的经济发展往往会带来一定的副作用，在经济快速增长的这些年来，中国的环境遭受了很大程度的破坏，环境污染问题不仅阻碍了当今社会的可持续发展，也阻碍了我国踏入社会主义现代化强国的步伐，因此，污染防治成为当今社会关注的热点。在此背景下，研究中国金融发展与环境污染的关系具有重要意义。现有关于金融科技对工业污染排放影响的研究相对较少，并且关于金融科技对工业污染排放的研究，大多数是从微观企业层面或者宏观省份层面进行分析。本文从城市层面研究金融科技对工业污染排放的影响，为现有相关理论提供更全面的分析视角，完善了相关理论体系，推动了金融科技对工业污染排放的影响因素研究理论的延伸下沉，贡献了相关的文献增量。
基于此，本文采用双重固定效应模型，对金融科技与工业污染排放之间的因果关系进行精准识别，并基于理论分析深入探究了金融科技降低工业污染排放的作用机制，为政府决策提供理论参考，积累探索经验。在理论层面上，本文论证了金融科技对工业污染排放的直接影响和作用机制。在实证层面上，本文运用2004—2019年284个地级及以上城市数据的实证结果表明：第一，总体上，金融科技能够显著地降低工业污染排放。第二，金融科技的污染减排效应机制中还存在正负两种效应，其中，正向经济效应通过产业结构升级、技术创新和创业环境优化减少工业污染排放，而负向经济效应则通过扩大社会经济规模加剧了工业污染排放。
根据研究结论本文提出相应的对策建议：第一，要求环保产业、数字经济、金融市场等多方联动，将环保、数字化、金融有效地贯穿和融合起来，借助金融的力量，充分发挥数字化的优势，促进有关部门的绿色化发展；第二，充分发挥金融科技在环境治理中的作用，建立一种有效的、可持续的管理手段；第三，基于环境治理“优化产业升级”“技术创新”“创业环境优化”的路径依赖，促进我国金融科技的发展，为“源头防治”提供支持。

At present, China has entered a new period, and the reform and opening up have made great achievements. While the economic growth has been rapid, the financial industry has also developed rapidly. In the new period, China has also put forward new requirements for the financial field. However, rapid economic development, tend to bring certain side effects, in the rapid economic growth over the years, China's environment suffered a great degree of damage, environmental pollution problems not only hindered the sustainable development of today's society, also hindered the step into socialist modernization power, therefore, pollution control become the focus of attention in today's society. In this context, it is of great significance to study the relationship between China's financial development and environmental pollution. There are relatively few studies on the impact of fintech on industrial pollution emissions, and most of the studies on fintech on industrial pollution emissions are analyzed from the micro enterprise level or the macro province level. This paper studies the influence of fintech on industrial pollution emissions from the city level, provides a more comprehensive analysis perspective for the existing relevant theories, improves the relevant theoretical system, promotes the extension and sinking of the research theory on the influencing factors of fintech on industrial pollution emissions, and contributes the relevant literature increment.
Based on this, this paper adopts a dual fixed effect model to accurately identify the causal relationship between fintech and industrial pollution emissions, and deeply explores the mechanism of fintech in reducing industrial pollution emissions based on theoretical analysis, so as to provide theoretical reference for government decision-making and accumulate exploration experience. On the theoretical level, this paper demonstrates the direct impact and action mechanism of fintech on industrial pollution emissions. On the empirical level, the empirical results use the data of 284 cities at the prefecture level and above from 2004 to 2019 to show that: First, on the whole, fintech can significantly reduce industrial pollution emissions. Second, there are also two positive and negative effects in the pollution reduction effect mechanism of fintech. Among them, the positive economic effect reduces the industrial pollution emission through industrial structure upgrading, technological innovation and entrepreneurial environment optimization, while the negative economic effect aggravates the industrial pollution emission by expanding the social and economic scale.
According to the research conclusion, this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions: first, integrate environmental protection industry, digital economy, financial market and finance, and use the advantages of digitalization to promote the green development of relevant departments; second, give full play to the role of financial technology in environmental governance, establish an effective and sustainable management means; third, based on the path dependence on environmental governance "optimizing industrial upgrading", "technological innovation" and "entrepreneurial environment optimization", promote the development of financial technology in China, and provide support for "source prevention".