经济学院知识库

当今，我国已经步入了高质量发展的阶段。“三农”问题是我国高质量发展的重点问题，农村经济高质量发展是乡村振兴的关键一环，也是实现第二个百年奋斗目标的应有之义。近年来，随着数字技术的兴起，重塑了许多行业的发展模式，成为培育经济增长的新动能。传统普惠金融已插上数字化的翅膀，加深了“普”与“惠”的广度与深度，对农村地区的影响尤其深刻。农业农村现代化发展离不开数字技术的持续赋能，也离不开金融创新的有效支持。因此，农村地区应抓住数字普惠金融这一重要引擎，使之成为经济高质量发展的强力助推器。然而现有研究成果多针对数字普惠金融助力单一层面的实证研究以及机制分析。数字普惠金融的普惠重点服务对象是贫困主体，目前鲜有文献从农村地区的经济高质量发展的全局角度进行研究，因此，本研究运用马克思主义经典理论的逻辑对农村地区经济高质量发展进行理论论证并在此基础上进行实证检验，最后提出相应对策建议。

在此背景下，本文首先整理了关于数字普惠金融的学术研究成果和经济高质量发展的学术研究成果。基于此，对数字普惠金融与农村经济高质量发展相关概念进行阐述，并从政治经济学的角度为文章的后续研究做好理论铺垫。接着从生产力与生产关系的角度分析数字普惠金融能否促进农村地区经济发展并分别论述数字普惠金融如何促进农村创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享发展。并进行实证检验。通过理论分析认为，数字普惠金融的出现克服了传统普惠金融“普”、“惠”、“险”的“不可能三角问题”，是生产力与生产关系矛盾运动的必然结果，数字普惠金融可以推动农村经济高质量发展。并且数字普惠金融通过促进产品创新、质量变革实现农村创新发展；通过促进要素流动、三产融合实现农村协调发展；通过促进生产方式转变、发展循环经济实现农村绿色发展；通过弥合空间障碍实现开放发展；通过提高农村居民收入水平、缩小城乡差距实现共享发展。基于2011-2021年30个省份的面板数据，实证结果表明数字普惠金融可以有效地推动农村整体经济实现高质量地发展，但是对我国东中西三个地区的影响有很大差距。对此，本文提出应加快农村数字基础设施建设，搭好数字普惠金融底座；完善数字普惠金融相关制度，根据实际情况制定相关发展战略等对策建议。

At present, our country has entered the stage of high-quality development. The issue of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" is the focus of China's high-quality development, and high-quality development of the rural economy is a key part of rural revitalization, and it is also the meaning of realizing the second centenary goal. In recent years, with the rise of digital technology, it has reshaped the development model of many industries and become a new driving force for fostering economic growth. Traditional inclusive finance has been attached to the wings of digitization, deepening the breadth and depth of "universal" and "benefit", and the impact on rural areas is especially profound. The modernization of agriculture and rural areas cannot be achieved without the continuous empowerment of digital technology and the effective support of financial innovation. Therefore, rural areas should seize the important engine of digital financial inclusion and make it a strong booster for high-quality economic development. However, the existing research results mainly focus on the empirical research and mechanism analysis of digital financial inclusion. Digital inclusive finance focuses on serving poor subjects. At present, few scholar have studied high-quality economic development in rural areas from the global perspective. Therefore, this study uses the logic of classical Marxist theory to demonstrate the high-quality economic development in rural areas theoretically and empirically based on this. Lastly, propose appropriate responses and recommendations.

In this context, this paper first reviews the academic research results on digital financial inclusion and high-quality economic development. Drawing from these findings, the article elaborates on the ideas surrounding digital inclusive finance and the enhanced growth of the rural economy, and makes a theoretical review from the perspectives of political economy respectively, so as to lay a theoretical foundation for the subsequent research of the paper. Subsequently, examining productivity and production dynamics, the study explores the potential of digital inclusive finance in fostering economic growth in rural areas and discusses how digital inclusive finance can promote innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development in rural areas. Then, different from the index system of high-quality economic development, the paper constructs a more targeted comprehensive evaluation index system of high-quality economic development in rural areas based on the new development concept, and carries out an empirical test based on the theory. The preliminary theoretical analysis shows that the emergence of digital inclusive finance has overcome the "impossible triangle problem" of "universal", "benefit" and "insurance" of traditional inclusive finance, and is the inevitable result of the contradictory movement of productivity and production relations, and digital inclusive finance can promote the high-quality development of rural economy. And the digital inclusive finance through promoting product innovation, quality change to achieve rural innovation development; To realize the coordinated development of rural areas by promoting the flow of factors and the integration of three industries; To realize rural green development by promoting the transformation of production mode and developing circular economy; Achieving open development by bridging spatial barriers; We will achieve shared development by raising the income level of rural residents and narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces from 2011 to 2021, Empirical findings indicate that integrating digital finance can markedly enhance the superior growth of the rural economy as a whole, but there is a big gap in the impact of the three regions in China's East and West. In this regard, the paper proposes to speed up the construction of rural digital infrastructure and build the base of digital inclusive finance; Promote the two-way flow of factors between urban and rural areas to narrow the urban-rural gap; Improve the digital financial inclusion system and mechanism.