马克思主义学院知识库

党的十九大报告指出“要培养担当民族复兴大任的时代新人，提高全民族法治素养和道德素质。”党的二十大报告指出，“全面依法治国是国家治理的一场深刻革命，关系党执政兴国，关系人民幸福安康，关系党和国家长治久安。”“要坚持走中国特色社会主义法治道路，建设中国特色社会主义法治体系、建设社会主义法治国家。” 随着全面建设社会主义法治中国进程的不断推进，法治教育对提高人民群众的法治素养也提出了新的要求。加强学校思想政治工作是关键，培养新时代担当民族复兴大任的时代新人是战略需要，培养青少年法治素养是内在要求，也是持续推进构建法治国家和提高全社会法治素养的不竭动力。本文聚焦新时代青少年法治素养培育，运用文献研究法、比较研究法、问卷调查法，分别从新时代青少年法治素养培育的理论基础、现实状况、培育路径这三个角度进行研究。首先通过对新时代青少年法治素养的概念内涵进行了简要阐述和概括，归纳整理出培育的新特征。并以马克思主义法治思想、习近平法治思想等为理论指引，促进青少年确立法治信仰，辨明法治知识，养成法治思维，增强法治能力。其次，通过对青少年开展问卷调查，掌握当前青少年法治素养培育的现状并达成的理想状态的完成情况。同时探析培育过程中存在的问题，主要是青少年法治课堂教学吸引力略有欠缺、培育力量稍显薄弱、培育方式单向封闭、培育衔接性有待优化四个方面。并且，分析了问题背后的原因：法治教育理念难以落实，教师法治素质能力不足，培育方式方法不够丰富，学校、社会和家庭培育合力尚未形成。最后，以存在问题为导向，分析其问题产生的原因并寻求最佳的解决对策。以强化青少年的主体性认知为重点，尊重青少年的成长成才规律，加强青少年在参与法治活动的过程中逐渐提升依法办事的法治实践能力。以学习法治理念为先导，优化教学资源，丰富校园法治文化；加强对媒体舆论的正确引导，以社会资源为依托，在青少年中营造依法治国、依法治校的良好氛围；在青少年法治素养培育中，构建一种适合青少年成长的和谐家庭关系，发挥家庭法治的基础性作用。通过规划和创新新时期青少年法治素养培育的现实路径，以期达到符合青少年法治素养培育的价值归属。

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Party states that "we should cultivate new people of the times who will assume the great responsibility of national rejuvenation, and improve the rule of law and moral quality of the whole nation." The report of the 20th Party Congress points out that "comprehensively following the rule of law is a profound revolution in national governance, which is related to the Party's ruling and prospering state, the happiness and well-being of the people, and the long-term stability of the Party and the state." "We must adhere to the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, build a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics, and build a socialist rule of law state." The status of rule of law education is based on the fact that the country is in a new period of comprehensively promoting the rule of law and the requirements for the people's rule of law literacy are gradually increasing. Strengthening ideological and political work in schools is the key, cultivating the new man of the times who will take up the role of national rejuvenation in the new era is a strategic necessity, and young people are the builders and successors of the socialist cause, which is an inherent requirement for strengthening the cultivation of rule of law literacy among young people in the new era and an inexhaustible driving force for building a rule of law state and improving rule of law literacy in society as a whole.

This paper focuses on the cultivation of youth rule of law literacy in the new era, and uses the literature research method, comparative research method and questionnaire survey method to study the theoretical basis, realistic situation and cultivation path of youth rule of law literacy cultivation in the new era respectively.Firstly, through a brief description of the concept of youth rule of law literacy in the new era, the characteristics of cultivation are summarised, namely, inspiration and precursor, knowledge and hierarchy, practice and unity, value and topicality. The theoretical guidance of Marxist thought on the rule of law and Xi Jinping's thought on the rule of law is also used to motivate young people to establish their belief in the rule of law, master the knowledge of the rule of law, form their thinking on the rule of law and improve their ability to do so. Secondly, a questionnaire survey was conducted among young people to find out how the current work of cultivating rule of law literacy among young people has achieved the desired goals. At the same time, we explore the problems in the cultivation system, mainly in four areas: the lack of attractiveness of teaching the rule of law in the classroom, the relatively weak cultivation force, the one-way closed cultivation method, and the need to optimise the cultivation connection. In addition, the reasons behind the problems were analysed: it is difficult to implement the concept of rule of law education, teachers are not competent enough to teach the rule of law, cultivation methods are not rich enough, and the cooperation between school, society and family cultivation has not yet been formed.Finally, on the basis of the analysis of the problems, the countermeasures for solving them are studied. The focus is on strengthening young people's subjective cognition, prompting them to cultivate themselves, strengthening practice to enable them to improve their ability to follow the rule of law in the process of participating in the rule of law, taking learning the concept of the rule of law as a precursor, optimising teaching resources and enriching the culture of the rule of law in schools; strengthening the correct guidance of media and public opinion, using social resources as a basis to create a good atmosphere among young people to follow the rule of law and rule schools according to the law; in the In the cultivation of legal literacy, a harmonious family relationship is established and the fundamental role of the family is brought into play. By planning and innovating the path of cultivating rule of law literacy among young people in the new era, the value of cultivating rule of law literacy among young people in the new era will be realised.