MBA教育中心知识库

摘要

党的十九大提出乡村振兴战略以后，党中央、国务院从机构改革、政策支持、法律保障等方面进行了顶层设计，确保乡村振兴战略顺利实施，我国的“三农”工作进入了新的发展阶段。中国邮政储蓄银行（以下简称“邮储银行”）成立以来，始终坚持“服务三农”的战略定位，坚决贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署，大力支持国家乡村振兴战略实施。

乡村要振兴、产业必振兴，发展好农业产业是实现乡村振兴的必要手段。从目前乡村振兴战略实施情况来看，农业产业发展是乡村振兴战略实施的短板之一。本文从邮储银行WS支行小额贷款支持农业产业化策略的研究入手，首先立足于农业信贷补贴论、 农村金融市场论、不完全竞争市场理论、 普惠金融理论等相关专业基础理论，系统梳理了国内外学者对小额贷款、农业产业化、乡村振兴等方面的研究成果，为本文写作奠定了较为扎实的理论支撑。在理论研究的基础上，本文通过发放调查问卷、同业对比等方法，对邮储银行WS支行在客户选择、产品服务、内部管理、业务宣传等方面进行了系统地分析，作者按照“发现问题”“分析问题”“解决问题”的思路，对邮储银行WS支行近五年来小额贷款发展情况，以及WS地区农业产业分布情况、农业产值等方面进行了详细的阐述，从政治环境、经济环境、社会环境、技术环境等宏观方面和邮储银行小额贷款产品、竞争对手分析、客户分析等微观方面，对邮储银行WS支行小额贷款支持农业产业化面临的内外部环境进行了全方位的分析。研究发现，在邮储银行小额贷款支持农业产业化的过程中存在小额贷款新产品推动缓慢、后台技术支撑力量不足、小额贷款业务管理成本较高、小额贷款资产质量管控不力等问题。这些问题的成因有目标客群定位不精准、内部绩效管理不科学、员工队伍管理水平低下、小额贷款流程繁琐、风控能力不足等原因。

最后，本文结合相关理论、发展现状及业务特色，有针对性地提出加大宣营销力度、强化内部管理能力建设、加快小额贷款产品创新、提高内部运营效率、建全风险控制体系等对策建议，为邮储银行WS支行小额贷款更好的服务于当地农业产业化发展、助力乡村振兴战略顺利实施起到更加显著的作用。

Abstract

After the Rural Revitalization Strategy was put forward at the 19th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council carried out top-level design from the aspects of institutional reform, policy support and legal guarantee to ensure the smooth realization of the Rural Revitalization Strategy. China's "three rural" work has entered a new stage of development. Since its establishment, the postal savings bank of China (hereinafter referred to as the "postal savings bank") has always adhered to the strategic positioning of "serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers", resolutely implemented the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, and vigorously supported the implementation of the national Rural Revitalization Strategy.

Rural areas must be revitalized and industries must be revitalized. Developing agricultural industry is a necessary means to realize rural revitalization. From the current implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy, the development of agricultural industry is one of the weaknesses in the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy. This paper starts with the research on the strategy of microfinance supporting agricultural industrialization of WS branch of postal savings bank. Firstly, based on the relevant professional basic theories such as agricultural credit subsidy theory, rural financial market theory, incomplete competitive market theory and inclusive finance theory, this paper systematically combs the research results of scholars at home and abroad on microfinance, agricultural industrialization and rural revitalization, which lays a solid theoretical support for the writing of this paper. On the basis of theoretical research, this paper systematically analyzes the WS branch of postal savings bank in terms of customer selection, product service, internal management and business publicity by issuing questionnaires and peer comparison. According to the ideas of "finding problems", "analyzing problems" and "solving problems", the author analyzes the development of microfinance in WS branch of postal savings bank in recent five years, as well as the distribution of agricultural industry in WS area Agricultural output value and other aspects are described in detail. From the macro aspects of political environment, economic environment, social environment and technical environment, as well as the micro aspects of postal savings bank's microfinance products, competitor analysis and customer analysis, this paper makes an all-round analysis of the internal and external environment faced by postal savings Bank WS branch's microfinance to support agricultural industrialization. The study found that in the process of the postal savings bank's microfinance supporting agricultural industrialization, there are some problems, such as the slow promotion of new microfinance products, the lack of backstage technical support, the high management cost of microfinance business, and the poor quality control of microfinance assets. The causes of these problems include inaccurate positioning of target customers, unscientific internal performance management, low management level of staff, cumbersome microfinance process, insufficient risk control ability and so on.

Finally, combined with the relevant theories, development status and business characteristics, this paper puts forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions, such as strengthening publicity and marketing, strengthening the construction of internal management capacity, accelerating the innovation of microfinance products, improving internal operation efficiency and perfecting the risk control system, which plays a more significant role in better serving the development of local agricultural industrialization and helping the smooth implementation of Rural Revitalization Strategy.