国际经济与贸易学院知识库

“十四五”规划纲要中明确要建设更高层次开放型经济体系，全面提升国家开放能力。在新时期,加速完善养老服务发展体系，促进养老服务业态优化提升，是中国“十四五”规划时期在全国层面的最新方针政策，同时也是为了适应我国现阶段国民经济增长的迫切需求。截至第七次全国人口普查数据结果显示，目前我国老年人口数量在全球排名第一，已经进入较为严峻的老龄化社会，庞大的老龄群体必然导致人口结构的改变，人口结构的变化又将会对政治、经济和社会等多领域、多层面产生影响，我国急需加快发展养老服务产业来解决当前严峻形势。因此，我国把应对人口老龄化上升为国家战略，加快发展老年经济。鼓励支持发展现代养老服务产业，推动养老服务产业市场化、标准化和品牌化建设。习总书记指出，要根据国情勇于创新，开放学习国外养老有益经验，努力构建和完善中国特色养老保障体系。党和国家领导人对我国老龄化问题的高度重视，必将促进中国养老服务产业飞速发展。

虽然政府颁布实施了许多开放发展养老服务产业的政策措施并取得了一定效果。但就目前来看，同发达国家相比，我国养老服务产业发展还处于起步阶段，养老服务市场潜在发展活力没有被完全释放和激发，存在发展的不协调、不充分等问题。为此，本文着重探讨在高水平对外开放政策支持下，如何进一步扩大开放我国养老服务市场，加强老龄问题科学研究与国际合作来弥补我国养老服务产业发展短板问题，一方面可以丰富相关养老研究的理论基础，另一方面又能为当前我国养老服务产业发展的政策制定提供相关指引，对促进我国养老服务产业高质量发展具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。

本文首先通过大量相关文献阅读与梳理以及结合当下时政热点提出高水平对外开放背景下中国养老服务产业如何实现快速发展的问题。紧接着分析问题，从提升吸引外资机会和创造对外贸易效应两个方面分析高水平对外开放对我国养老服务产业发展的作用机理，并且主要从中国养老服务产业发展历程、现状以及存在的问题进行分析和总结。在此基础上，通过提出扩大对外开放程度会促进中国养老服务产业发展的前提假设，构建对外开放程度与养老服务产业发展关系的实证分析框架，充分论证了对外开放程度越高越有利于我国养老服务产业发展。最后，根据上述相关研究结果，就如何加大对外开放水平来促进养老服务产业发展提出了相关对策建议。

The outline of the “14th Five-Year Plan” clearly states that it is necessary to build a higher-level open economic system and comprehensively enhance the country's ability to open up. In the new era, accelerating the improvement of the development system of elderly care services and promoting the optimization and upgrading of elderly care service formats are the latest policies and policies at the national level during China's “14th Five-Year Plan” period, and also to meet the urgent needs of my country's current national economic growth. As of the seventh national census, the number of elderly people in my country currently ranks first in the world, and it has entered a relatively severe aging society. The huge elderly group will inevitably lead to changes in the population structure, which will in turn affect the population structure. Political, economic and social influences are exerted in multiple fields and at multiple levels. my country urgently needs to speed up the development of the elderly care service industry to solve the current severe situation. Therefore, my country has raised the response to population aging as a national strategy and accelerated the development of the elderly economy. Encourage and support the development of the modern elderly care service industry, and promote the marketization, standardization and branding of the elderly care service industry. General Secretary Xi pointed out that it is necessary to be brave in innovation according to national conditions, openly learn from the useful experience of foreign old-age care, and strive to build and improve the old-age security system with Chinese characteristics. Party and state leaders attach great importance to my country's aging problem, which will surely promote the rapid development of China's elderly care service industry.

Although the government has promulgated and implemented many policies and measures to open up the development of the elderly service industry and have achieved certain results. However, from the current point of view, compared with developed countries, the development of my country's elderly care service industry is still in its infancy. The potential development vitality of the elderly care service market has not been fully released and stimulated, and there are problems such as uncoordinated and insufficient development. To this end, this paper focuses on how to further expand and open my country's elderly care service market under the support of high-level opening-up policies, strengthen scientific research on aging issues and international cooperation to make up for the shortcomings of my country's elderly care service industry development, and on the one hand, can enrich related elderly care research. On the other hand, it can provide relevant guidelines for the current policy formulation of the development of China's elderly care service industry, which has important theoretical and practical significance for promoting the high-quality development of my country's elderly care service industry.

This paper firstly puts forward the question of how to achieve rapid development of China's elderly care service industry under the background of high-level opening up by reading and sorting out a large number of relevant literature and combining with current political hotspots. Then, it analyzes the problem, and analyzes the mechanism of high-level opening to the outside world on the development of my country's elderly care service industry from two aspects: improving opportunities for attracting foreign investment and creating foreign trade effects. and summary. On this basis, by putting forward the premise that expanding the degree of opening to the outside world will promote the development of China's elderly care service industry, and constructing an empirical analysis framework for the relationship between the degree of opening to the outside world and the development of the elderly care service industry, it is fully demonstrated that the higher the degree of opening to the outside world, the more beneficial to my country's elderly care service industry. Service industry development. Finally, according to the above relevant research results, relevant countermeasures and suggestions are put forward on how to increase the level of opening to the outside world to promote the development of the elderly care service industry.