统计与数据科学学院知识库

共同富裕是社会主义的本质要求，是人民群众的共同期盼。党的十九届五中全会对扎实推动共同富裕作出重大战略部署，2021年5月出台了《中共中央、国务院关于支持浙江高质量发展建设共同富裕示范区的意见》。会议部署及《意见》的出台，对推动共同富裕的时间表和路线做了更明确的要求。在此背景下，本文梳理了现有研究成果中对共同富裕内涵、特征及统计含义的讨论成果，结合最新的时代背景，对共同富裕的理论发展逻辑做了归纳和总结。在理论归纳的基础上，本文从富裕程度、共享程度和可持续性三个维度构建共同富裕的评价指标体系。基于2013-2020年间全国及31个省域的经济社会发展统计数据，运用熵权法和“纵横向”拉开差距法确定体系中各指标的权重，对2013-2020年全国及区域的共同富裕水平分别进行评价，并运用区域的共同富裕评价结果，对共同富裕水平在31个地区的空间分布特征进行了分析。

研究结果表明，全国的共同富裕水平稳定上升，尤其在富裕取得显著进步；31个地区的共同富裕水平也在稳定增长，但地区间的共同富裕水平存在一定差异，尤其在富裕程度方面差距较明显；与此同时，区域的共同富裕水平有正向空间自相关的特征，地区间主要表现为低值与低值、高值与高值聚集的空间聚集模式。基于上述研究结论，本文从完善顶层设计、发挥试点作用、重视共同富裕阶段性、各地区因地制宜、完善转移支付并发挥第三次分配作用五个方面提出了推动共同富裕的建议。

关键词：共同富裕；指标体系；熵权法；“纵横向”拉开差距法；空间自相关

Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism and the common expectation of the people. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made a major strategic plan for the solid promotion of common prosperity. In May 2021, the "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Supporting Zhejiang's High-quality Development and Building a Common Prosperity Demonstration Zone" was issued. The deployment of the meeting and the promulgation of the "Opinions" made clearer requirements for the timetable and route for promoting common prosperity. In this context, this paper sorts out the discussion results on the connotation, characteristics and statistical meaning of common prosperity in the existing research results, and summarizes the theoretical development logic of common prosperity in combination with the latest era background. On the basis of theoretical induction, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of common prosperity from the three dimensions of affluence, sharing and sustainability. Based on the national and 31 provincial economic and social development statistics from 2013 to 2020, the entropy weight method and the "vertical and horizontal" gap method are used to determine the weight of each indicator in the system. The level of common wealth was evaluated separately, and the spatial distribution characteristics of common wealth level in 31 regions were analyzed by using the results of regional common wealth evaluation.

The results of the study show that the national level of common prosperity has risen steadily, especially in the affluent level, which has made significant progress; the common prosperity level of 31 regions is also growing steadily, but there are certain differences in the level of common prosperity among regions, especially in terms of the degree of wealth. At the same time, the common wealth level of the region has the characteristics of positive spatial autocorrelation, and the regions are mainly characterized by the spatial aggregation pattern of low-value and low-value, high-value and high-value aggregation. Based on the above research conclusions, this paper puts forward suggestions for promoting common prosperity from five aspects: perfecting the top-level design, playing a pilot role, paying attention to the stage of common prosperity, adapting measures to local conditions, improving transfer payments, and playing the role of the third distribution.

Key words: Common prosperity; Indicator system; Entropy weight method; "Vertical and horizontal" gap-making method; Spatial autocorrelation