经济学院知识库

  纵观当今经济发展，世界经济发展疲软、深层次发展矛盾突出，同时单边主义和贸易保护主义不断发展壮大，国际多边贸易体制的发展受到严重制约，世界经济面临着萧条、衰退等诸多风险和不确定性，国内经济发展也进入新阶段，以高耗能和以要素驱动的发展方式已经不适合中国经济的发展，高质量发展概念应运而生，促进经济高质量发展是中国未来发展的根本途径。2019年，党中央明确提出了黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的目标任务，并将其上升为重大国家战略，这将对黄河保护和治理工作开创全新途径，也将对黄河上游重点省区之一的甘肃省产生重大而深远的影响，这对促进甘肃省经济可持续性发展，社会稳定和民族团结具有重要意义。因此，对甘肃省的高质量发展水平进行客观全面的评价，找到制约当地高质量发展的主要原因和升级对策，对甘肃省未来发展具有重要意义。

  本文在深刻理解高质量发展内涵的基础上，依据系统性、目的性、可行性、简明性的指标构建原则，结合学者相关研究，从经济发展水平、创新开放水平、社会协调水平、绿色发展水平、共享发展水平5个方面选取了24个二级指标，较为全面的构建了甘肃省各州市经济高质量发展的指标体系，收集并整理了甘肃省14个州市2009-2018年的指标数据，选择熵值法对指标进行测度评价并求出得分，再利用聚类分析法将14个州市分为四大类，分别为高质量型、中等质量型、较低质量型和低质量型，最后分析了具体影响因素。基于本文研究，得到以下结论：（1）2009-2018年，甘肃省高质量发展水平总体上呈现，波动上升趋势，区域分布特征明显，兰州和河西走廊地区的上升趋势明显；（2）受地域发展的影响，甘肃省高质量发展水平地域差距较大，发展较不平衡，较低质量型城市占甘肃省主要部分，2018年，高质量型的兰州市得分为0.721，而低质量型的临夏州仅为0.287；（3）从具体影响因素来看，进出口商品总值和金融机构存贷比对高质量发展水平呈负相关，对高质量的发展有抑制作用，这与甘肃省省情有关，其他指标对甘肃省高质量发展具有促进作用。为提升甘肃省经济发展质量，实现高质量发展，针对研究所发现的问题以及实证结果，从新发展理念、供给侧结构性改革、构建现代化经济体系等维度入手探索实现甘肃省高质量发展的对策研究。

  Looking at today’s economic development, the world’s economic development is weak and deep-seated development contradictions are prominent. At the same time, unilateralism and trade protectionism continue to expand and spread. The development of the multilateral trading system is severely restricted. The world economy is facing many risks and inconsistencies such as depression and recession. Certainty, the domestic economic development has also entered a new stage, and it is difficult to sustain the development of high energy consumption and factor-driven development. The concept of high-quality development has emerged as the times require. Promoting high-quality economic development is the fundamental way for China’s future development. In 2019,the Party Central Committee clearly put forward the goals and tasks of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, and elevated it to a major national strategy. This will create a new way for the protection and governance of the Yellow River, and it will also affect the key provinces and regions in the upper reaches of the Yellow River. The first Gansu Province has had a significant and far-reaching impact, which is of great significance to promoting the sustained and healthy economic development of Gansu Province, social stability and ethnic unity. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to conduct an objective and comprehensive evaluation of the high-quality development level of Gansu Province, find the main reasons restricting the local high-quality development and upgrade countermeasures.

  Based on a deep understanding of the connotation of high-quality development, this article is based on the principles of systematic, purposeful, feasibility, and concise index construction, combined with relevant scholars’research, from the level of economic development, the level of innovation and openness, the level of social coordination, and the level of green development. The level of shared development selected 24 secondary indicators in 5 aspects, a more comprehensive construction of the indicator system for the high-quality economic development of the cities and municipalities in Gansu Province, and the collection and collation of indicator data for the 14 prefectures and cities in Gansu Province from 2009 to 2018. Select the entropy method to measure and evaluate the indicators and obtain the scores, and then use the cluster analysis method to divide the 14 prefectures into four categories, which are high-quality, medium-quality, low-quality, and low-quality. Finally, specific influencing factors are analyzed. Based on the research in this paper, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) From 2009 to 2018, the high-quality development level of Gansu Province showed a fluctuating upward trend as a whole, with obvious regional distribution characteristics, and the Lanzhou and Hexi Corridor areas showed obvious upward trends; (2) affected by regional development The high-quality development level of Gansu Province has a large regional gap, and the development is relatively unbalanced. Lower-quality cities account for the main part of Gansu Province. In 2018, the high-quality Lanzhou city scored 0.721, while the low-quality Linxia prefecture It is only 0.287; (3) From the perspective of specific influencing factors, the total value of import and export commodities and the loan-to-deposit ratio of financial institutions are negatively correlated with the level of high-quality development, and have an inhibitory effect on high-quality development. This is related to the conditions of Gansu Province, Other indicators have a promoting effect on the high-quality development of Gansu Province. In order to improve the quality of economic development in Gansu Province and achieve high-quality development, based on the problems and empirical results found in the research, we will explore countermeasures to achieve high-quality development in Gansu Province from the dimensions of new development concepts, supply-side structural reforms, and construction of a modern economic system.