经济学院知识库

       黄河流域作为我国的主要流域之一，在中国经济增长中的地位举足轻重。但改革开放至今，其经济发展与其他流域相比已存在较大差距，出现经济发展滞后，生态环境破坏等严重问题。面对积久难消的顽疾，总书记提出实施黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的国家战略。作为高质量发展重要的产业支撑，现代产业体系对推动黄河流域经济转型大有裨益。党的十九大强调要建立实体经济、科技创新、现代金融、人力资源“四位协同”的现代产业体系，强调要提高要素质量，优化要素配置，实现四者的良性互动，这也是适应我国经济现代化发展必须一以贯之的方略。当前黄河流域要素质量不高，实体经济发展滞后，且长期以来的经济空间分异使黄河流域现代产业体系的建立面临着重重阻碍。基于此，本文从“四位协同”的角度出发，重点评价黄河流域“四位协同”的发展水平，并对其发展的区域差异进行探讨由此得出建设现代产业体系的短板与制约因素，进而探寻有效构建黄河流域现代产业体系的政策建议。

       首先，本文梳理了国内外与现代产业体系有关的文献，并对“四位协同”发展的理论内涵及作用机理进行阐述，认为实体经济是现代产业体系的基石，科技创新、现代金融及人力资源三者互相协同，为实体经济发展提供引领、服务与支撑作用。

       其次，建立“四位协同”指标评价体系，利用熵权法确定各评价指标的权重以计算子系统的发展指数，在此基础上运用耦合协同模型测算黄河流域不同地区要素发展指数及协同度指数。测算结果表明：（1）整体来看，黄河流域实体经济、科技创新、现代金融及人力资源发展水平均比较低，彼此之间耦合协同较差。（2）分区域来看，“四位协同”发展在黄河流域中存在地区差距，具体表现为下游- 中游-上游的梯度差异。

       最后，文章基于实证分析剖析了构建黄河流域现代产业体系的制约因素，并对此提出政策建议：第一，着力提高实体经济发展质量；第二，强化科技创新引擎作用；第三，加快现代金融要素培育；第四，加大人力资源开发力度；第五，加快构建促进“四位协同”发展的体制机制。

     As one of the main river basins in my country, the Yellow River Basin plays an important role in China's economic growth. However,since the Reform and Opening, there has been a big gap between its economic development and other river basins, which also exists some serious problems such as lagging economic development and destruction of the ecological environment.In the face of chronic illnesses that have accumulated over a long period of time, the General Secretary proposed to implement a national strategy for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.As an important industrial support for high-quality development, the modern industrial system is of great benefit to promoting the economic transformation of the Yellow River Basin.The 19th National Congress of the CPC emphasized the establishment of a modern industrial system of "four coordination" in real economy,scientific and technological innovation,modern finance and human resources, and emphasized the improvement of the quality of elements, optimization of the allocation of elements, and the realization of the benign interaction of four. This is a strategy that must be consistent in adapting to the development of our country's economic modernization. At present, the quality of elements in the Yellow River Basin is not high, the development of the real economy is backward, and the establishment of the modern industrial system in the Yellow River basin is faced with many obstacles due to the long-term economic spatial differentiation. Based on this, from the perspective of "four coordinated" development, this paper focuses on the evaluation of the development level of "four coordination" in the Yellow River Basin, and discusses the regional differences , so as to obtain the shortcomings and constraints of the construction of modern industrial system, then explore the effective policies for the modern industrial system in the Yellow River Basin.

      First of all, this paper combs the literature related to the modern industrial system at home and abroad, and expounds the theoretical connotation and mechanism of the "four coordinated" development. It holds that the real economy is the cornerstone of the modern industrial system, and scientific and technological innovation, modern finance and human resources work together to provide guidance, service and support for the development of the real economy.

    Secondly,the "four coordination" index evaluation system is established,and the entropy weight method is used to determine the weight of each evaluation index to calculate the development index of the collaborative subsystem. On this basis, the coupling collaborative model is used to calculate these factors’ development index and collaborative degree index in different regions of the yellow River Basin. The results show that: (1) on the whole, the development levels of real economy,scientific and technological innovation, modern finance and human resources in the Yellow River Basin are relatively low, and the coupling and coordination between them are poor. (2) From the regional point of view, "four coordinated" development in the Yellow River Basin has a regional gap, which is embodied in the gradient difference from upstream to midstream to downstream.

      Finally, based on the empirical analysis, the paper analyzes the constraints of the construction of the modern industrial system in the Yellow River Basin, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions: Firstly, strive to improve the quality of real economy development; Secondly, strengthen the role of science and technology innovation engine; Tirdly, accelerate the cultivation of modern financial elements; Fourthly, strengthen the development of human resources;Finally, accelerate the construction of the system and mechanism to promote the "four coordinated" development.