金融学院知识库

近年来，随着我国经济的迅速发展，人民生活水平与物质文明水平也在不断提升，我们在享受到经济发展带来有利之处的同时也对生态环境造成了巨大的破坏，粗放型经济增长的代价是环境污染严重、资源面临枯竭、生态严重失衡。为了实现我国经济和环境的可持续发展，迫切需要探索新的发展方式。

绿色金融和普惠金融作为我国金融领域的两个重点发展方向，二者的协调发展是落实可持续发展战略、推动实体经济高质量发展的重要着力点，对实现我国经济结构转型和生态文明建设具有重要意义。绿色金融的创新发展可以帮助普惠主体提高获取必要金融服务的能力，而普惠金融的发展则有助于解决绿色金融中存在的金融排斥现象，让绿色金融服务下沉至“三农”和小微企业。

本文在“双碳”目标的背景下，对绿色金融与普惠金融之间的协同关系进行了探究。通过耦合协调度模型、基尼系数以及莫兰指数等计量方法，实证分析了2011-2022年我国30个省市区绿色金融与普惠金融的耦合协调发展水平及其时空演变特征。研究结果显示：（1）从时序维度看，我国绿色金融和普惠金融的发展水平均呈现持续提升态势，但区域间发展失衡现象依然突出；（2）从空间维度看，二者的耦合协调发展水平存在显著的空间异质性，具体表现为“东部高，东北部次之，中部和西部相对滞后”的分布格局；（3）从动态演进趋势看，二者的协调发展水平呈现持续增长的趋势，且空间集聚效应显著。这表明，虽然我国在绿色金融与普惠金融的协调发展方面有了较大的进步，但仍需进一步优化提升。基于此，本文建议优化绿色金融与普惠金融发展格局；因地制宜推动金融产品创新，满足绿色普惠主体的融资需求；确立绿色金融与普惠金融协同发展风险控制体系；拓宽绿色金融与普惠金融融合路径的应用场景；建立绿色金融和普惠金融复合型人才培养体系。

In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, the living standards and material civilization level of the people have been constantly improving. While we enjoy the benefits of economic development, we have also caused huge damage to the ecological environment. The cost of extensive economic growth is severe environmental pollution, resource depletion, and serious ecological imbalance. In order to achieve sustainable development of China's economy and environment, it is urgent to explore new development methods.

Green finance and inclusive finance are two key development directions in China's financial sector. The coordinated development of the two is an important focus for implementing sustainable development strategies and promoting high-quality development of the real economy. It is of great significance for achieving China's economic structural transformation and ecological civilization construction. The innovative development of green finance can help inclusive entities improve their ability to access necessary financial services, while the development of inclusive finance can help solve the financial exclusion phenomenon in green finance, allowing green financial services to sink to "agriculture, rural areas, and small and micro enterprises".

This article explores the synergistic relationship between green finance and inclusive finance in the context of the "dual carbon" goal. We empirically analyzed the level and spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the coordinated development of green finance and inclusive finance in 30 provinces, cities, and districts in China from 2011 to 2022 using measurement methods such as coupling coordination degree model, Gini coefficient, and Moran index. The research results show that: (1) From a temporal perspective, the development level of green finance and inclusive finance in China has shown a continuous improvement trend, but the phenomenon of regional development imbalance is still prominent; (2) From a spatial perspective, there is significant spatial heterogeneity in the level of coupled and coordinated development between the two, manifested in a distribution pattern of "higher in the east, followed by the northeast, and relatively lagging in the central and western regions"; (3) From the perspective of dynamic evolution trend, the coordinated development level of the two shows a continuous growth trend, and the spatial agglomeration effect is significant. This indicates that although China has made significant progress in the coordinated development of green finance and inclusive finance, further optimization and improvement are still needed. Based on this, this article suggests optimizing the development pattern of green finance and inclusive finance; Adapting measures to local conditions to promote innovation in financial products and meet the financing needs of green and inclusive entities; Establish a risk control system for the coordinated development of green finance and inclusive finance; Expand the application scenarios of integrating green finance and inclusive finance; Establish a composite talent training system for green finance and inclusive finance.