MBA教育中心知识库

在全球经济一体化与金融行业深度发展的背景下，个人信贷业务已成为商业银行重要利润来源，但信用风险、市场风险及操作风险等问题凸显，如经济周期波动下客户信用评估滞后、虚假交易识别能力不足、贷后管理疏漏等问题，制约业务可持续发展。在此背景下，研究其银行风险管理优化路径对提升分行资产质量、增强区域金融稳定性具有重要现实意义，既是应对监管政策变化的必然要求，也是在市场竞争中巩固优势的关键举措。

工商银行作为国内金融市场的重要参与者，Z分行也肩负着引领甘肃省银行业务发展的重任。本研究以工商银行Z分行为研究对象，以全面风险管理理论和信息不对称理论为理论基础，通过对工商银行Z分行的组织架构、信贷产品种类及风险管理流程的深入分析，通过问卷调查揭示当前存在的问题及其成因。最后，基于研究发现，制定出一系列风险管理优化对策，以提高风险识别、评估和控制能力。

研究发现，工商银行Z分行在风险管理方面存在个人客户信用评估局限、虚假交易识别能力弱、借款人分类不明、贷后管理存在疏漏、贷前调查流于形式等问题。其原因主要涉及技术应用滞后、数据整合能力弱、内外部合作及信息共享不完善、分类标准设计缺乏灵活性、考核机制不合理等。为此，研究提出一系列针对性优化对策，如完善信用评估体系，构建“大数据+人工智能”信用评估模型、提升信贷人员风险识别能力、增强风险监测手段、引入先进风险管理模型与工具、优化信贷资产评级体系、优化贷中审查审批流程、提升个贷客户经理能力、利用数智化进行存续期管理等，从而全面提升风险管理水平，促进业务健康发展。

Against the backdrop of global economic integration and deep development of the financial industry, personal credit business has become an important source of profit for commercial banks. However, issues such as credit risk, market risk, and operational risk have become prominent, such as lagging customer credit evaluations under economic cycle fluctuations, insufficient ability to identify false transactions, and oversight in post loan management, which constrain the sustainable development of the business. In this context, studying the optimization path of bank risk management is of great practical significance for improving branch asset quality and enhancing regional financial stability. It is not only an inevitable requirement to respond to changes in regulatory policies, but also a key measure to consolidate advantages in market competition.

As an important participant in the domestic financial market, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China's Z branch also shoulders the responsibility of leading the development of banking business in Gansu Province. This study focuses on the Z branch of Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC), using comprehensive risk management theory and information asymmetry theory as theoretical foundations. Through in-depth analysis of the organizational structure, credit product types, and risk management processes of ICBC Z branch, a questionnaire survey is conducted to reveal the current problems and their causes. Finally, based on the research findings, a series of risk management optimization measures have been developed to improve risk identification, assessment, and control capabilities.

The study found that ICBC Z Branch had some problems in risk management, such as limitations in credit evaluation of individual customers, weak ability to identify false transactions, unclear classification of borrowers, omissions in post loan management, and formality in pre loan investigation. The main reasons for this include lagging technological applications, weak data integration capabilities, incomplete internal and external cooperation and information sharing, lack of flexibility in classification standard design, and unreasonable assessment mechanisms. To this end, a series of targeted optimization measures have been proposed, such as improving the credit evaluation system, constructing a "big data+artificial intelligence" credit evaluation model, enhancing the risk identification ability of credit personnel, strengthening risk monitoring methods, introducing advanced risk management models and tools, optimizing the credit asset rating system, optimizing the loan review and approval process, enhancing the ability of personal loan customer managers, and utilizing digitalization for duration management, in order to comprehensively improve the level of risk management and promote healthy business development.