统计与数据科学学院知识库

       目前，黄河流域的生态环境污染问题仍然非常严重，生态危机仍然高危，为遏制黄河流域整体情况环境的恶化和促进黄河流域各城市的可持续发展，本文对黄河流域主要城市环境效率及其空间关联网络进行影响因素研究，以期对黄河流域主要城市生态环境保护及现代化发展提出相应的建议。

       本文首先利用 EBM-GML 模型来测算黄河流域主要城市环境效率的变化；其次通过修正后的引力模型分析黄河流域主要城市环境效率空间关联网络；然后通过社会网络分析研究黄河流域主要城市环境效率空间关联网络的网络特征；最后利用 QAP 回归模型研究黄河流域主要城市环境效率空间关联网络的影响因素作用，结果表明：

       第一，黄河流域主要城市中位于生产前沿的城市主要位于黄河上游和黄河中游，并且这些城市大部分为各省份的省会城市，经济发展水平程度相对较好，资源相对充足，分配均匀。

       第二，黄河流域主要城市环境效率空间相关性显示为典型的网络形态及结构，黄河下、中、上游各个地区的环境效率差异非常显著。环境效率整体呈现出明显的“发达省份—中部省份—偏远西部省份”规律，黄河流域主要城市环境效率之间的联系非常紧密，空间相关性和溢出效应同样非常明显，且非平衡性特征明显， 并且会随时间发展逐渐增加。

       第三，黄河流域主要城市可划分为四个板块，板块二作为“发动机”角色将黄河流域主要城市环境效率增长动能传递至具有中介和桥梁作用的“经纪人”板块（第一板块），第二板块又将黄河流域主要城市环境效率的增长动能传递给具有“双向溢出”的第四板块，作为“主受益”角色的第三板块主要接收第一板块的溢出效应。

       第四，经济发展水平差异矩阵和利用外资水平差异矩阵的回归系数为负，城镇化水平差异矩阵的回归系数显著为负，产业结构差异矩阵、环境规制差异矩阵、进出口水平差异矩阵、能源消费水平差异矩阵、专利水平差异矩阵对环境效率空间关联性的影响为正，特别是环境规制差异矩阵、能源消费水平差异矩阵和专利水平差异矩阵对环境效率空间关联性的影响显著为正。

       根据黄河流域主要城市环境效率相关的空间网络结构的特点，通过其经济发展水平，制定因地制宜的环境效率发展战略，使黄河流域主要城市间环境效率实现协同增效。

       The current ecological environment of the Yellow River Basin is still very serious, and the ecological crisis is still serious, with natural characteristics such as more sand, easy to resolve, and easy to silt. China has raised the ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin as a major state development scheme, and the need to improve the environmental efficiency is becoming more and more urgent. Exploring the impact mechanism of the environmental efficiency of the Yellow River Basin to improve its efficiency is not only related to the green and sustainable development of economic society and the ecological security of the Yellow River Basin, but also related to the construction of a modern social power with Chinese characteristics.
       In the first step, EBM-GML model is used to estimate the change of environmental efficiency of major cities in the Yellow River Basin. The second step is to construct the spatial correlation network of environmental efficiency of major cities in the Yellow River Basin using gravity model. The third step is to study the network characteristics of spatial correlation of environmental efficiency of major cities by using social network analysis method. In the fourth step, QAP regression analysis was used to study the factors affecting the environmental efficiency of major cities in the Yellow River Basin. The consequences exhibited that:
       First, the major cities in the Yellow River basin at the forefront of production are mainly located in the upper and middle reaches, and most of these cities are provincial capitals, with relatively good economic development level, relatively sufficient resources and uniform distribution.
       Second, the spatial correlation of environmental efficiency of major cities shows a typical network structure and form, the environmental efficiency of each region in the lower, middle and upper stretches of the Yellow River is significantly different. As a whole, the environmental efficiency of major cities in the Yellow River Basin presents an obvious law of "developed provinces, central provinces and remote western provinces". The environmental efficiency of the most major cities is closely related, and the non-equilibrium characteristics are obvious, and will gradually increase with the development of time.
       Third, the major cities in the Yellow River Basin can be separated into four plates. Plate II, as the "engine", transfers the growth momentum of environmental efficiency of major cities in the Yellow River Basin to the "broker" plate (the first plate), which acts as an intermediary and bridge. Plate II transfers the growth momentum of environmental efficiency of major cities to the fourth plate, which has "two-way spillover". As the "main benefit" role, the third plate mainly receives the spillover effect of the first plate.
       Fourth, the regression coefficient of the difference matrix of economic development level and foreign investment utilization level is negative, the regression coefficient of the difference matrix of urbanization level is significantly negative, and the influence of the difference matrix of industrial structure, environmental regulation, import and export level, energy consumption level and patent level on the spatial correlation of environmental efficiency is positive. In particular, the environmental regulation difference matrix, energy consumption level difference matrix and patent level difference matrix have significantly positive effects on the spatial correlation of environmental efficiency.
       According to the identities of the spatial network structure related to environmental efficiency of major cities, the development strategy of environmental efficiency based on local conditions is formulated according to the economic development level of cities in the Yellow River Basin, so as to continuously optimize the spatial network structure related to environmental efficiency of major cities in the Yellow River Basin, and realize the synergistic effect of environmental efficiency among cities.