统计与数据科学学院知识库

随着世界经济全球化的加深，全球价值链（GVC）在世界范围内得以兴起和 繁荣发展，我国作为发展中国家和世界人口大国，凭借低成本的劳动力优势，通 过加工、组装等劳动密集型生产活动积极参与全球价值链分工，促进了我国制造 业的快速发展。但同时我国还处于价值链分工中下游环节，制造业行业飞速发展 的同时也带来了资源损耗加剧、环境污染严重的问题，因此我国亟须寻找一条既 能提高中国制造业全球价值链地位，又能同时实现绿色低碳发展的新途径。 在此背景下，本文研究了全球价值链地位对我国制造业绿色全要素生产率 （GTFP）的影响。本文首先进行了文献综述和理论梳理，厘清了全球价值链地 位和绿色全要素生产率的概念和测度方法，以及前者对后者的影响效应；其次通 过 UIBE GVC 数据库测量了我国制造业行业的 GVC 地位指数，并利用 SBMGML 模型测算了我国制造业行业的 GTFP；然后实证研究 GVC 地位对我国制造 业 GTFP 的影响，并得出以下结论：第一，GVC 地位对 GTFP 的提升具有显著 促进作用，外商直接投资、劳动人员科研水平、研发投入、企业所有制结构具有 促进作用；第二，通过构建技术进步（RD），产业结构（IS），行业规模（SE）， 环境规制（EN）四个机制变量进行机制检验，得出技术进步和产业结构是 GVC 地位影响 GTFP 提升的作用途径，具有正向促进作用；第三，通过行业异质性检 验，得出我国劳动密集型行业和技术密集型行业 GVC 地位指数对 GTFP 具有显 著促进作用，资本密集型行业不具有显著促进作用。最后，根据研究结论，从优 化产业结构、促进技术创新、加强国际合作、优化能源消耗结构等四个方面提出 可行性政策建议。

With the deepening of the world economic globalization, the global value chain (GVC) has risen and flourished in the world. China, as a developing country and the world's populous country, with the advantage of low-cost labor, actively participates in the global value chain division of labor through processing, assembly and other laborintensive production activities, and promotes the rapid development of China's manufacturing industry. However, at the same time, China is still in the middle and downstream links of the value chain division, and the rapid development of the manufacturing industry has also brought about the problem of increased resource loss and serious environmental pollution. Therefore, China urgently needs to find a new way to improve the position of China's manufacturing industry in the global value chain and realize green and low-carbon development at the same time. In this context, this paper studies the influence of global value chain position on the green total factor productivity of China's manufacturing industry. First of all, this paper makes a literature review and theoretical review, and clarifies the concepts and measurement methods of global value chain position and green total factor productivity, as well as the influence of the former on the latter. Secondly, this paper measures the GVC status index of the manufacturing industry in our country through UIBE GVC database, and uses SBM-GML model to measure the GTFP of the manufacturing industry in our country. Then we empirically study the effect of GVC status on GTFP in China's manufacturing industry, and draw the following conclusions: First, GVC status has a significant role in promoting GTFP, foreign direct investment, labor scientific research level, investment in research and development, enterprise ownership structure; Secondly, through the establishment of four mechanism variables of technological progress (RD), industrial structure (IS), industry scale (SE) and environmental regulation (EN), the mechanism test is conducted, and it is concluded that technological progress and industrial structure are the role of GVC status to affect the improvement of GTFP, and have a positive promoting effect. Third, through the  industry heterogeneity test, it is concluded that the GVC status index of China's laborintensive and technology-intensive industries has a significant promoting effect on GTFP, while the capital-intensive industries have no significant promoting effect. Finally, according to the research conclusions, feasible policy suggestions are put forward from four aspects: optimizing industrial structure, promoting technological innovation, strengthening international cooperation and optimizing energy consumption structure.