金融学院知识库

  2021年7月，国务院常务会议提出适时运用降准等工具加大金融对实体经济的支持力度。党的二十大报告和十四五规划纲要强调，要建设好现代化经济体系，把助力实体经济健康发展作为现阶段国家经济建设领域工作的主要任务，同时提升金融服务实体经济的能力，完善实体经济中长期资金供给制度。因此金融行业要以服务实体经济为宗旨，加强金融供给与实体经济契合度，在社会经济发展重点领域做好金融资源的引导工作。一直以来，我国金融市场以银行为主导，属于间接金融市场。我国在直接金融市场存在机制不健全、基础设施匮乏、市场规模较低、缺少多层次资本市场等问题，均对金融服务实体经济的效率造成影响。
  本文以陕西省为案例，聚焦金融服务实体经济效率进行研究，主要从以下几个方面开展：首先，分别对陕西省金融业发展状况，实体经济发展状况与金融支持实体经济发展状况三个方面进行解读，以期了解金融支持实体经济发展情况。其次，通过使用DEA-Malmquist指数法，测算陕西省与各地级市的金融支持实体经济发展效率。再次，通过使用多元线性回归模型，实证研究陕西省金融支持实体经济发展效率与各影响因素之间的关系。最后，基于陕西省金融支持实体经济发展效率研究结论，提出提升陕西省金融支持实体经济发展效率的建议：完善地方法人、金融中介、融资担保机构的协同服务体系；培育具有陕西特色的衍生品交易市场，打造发展新格局；推进覆盖产业集群、全产业链的区域性金融服务中心建设。
关键词：实体经济  金融机构  金融服务体系

  In July 2021, the executive meeting of The State Council proposed the timely use of RRR reduction and other tools to increase financial support for the real economy. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Party and the outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan emphasize that we must build a modern economic system, take helping the healthy development of the real economy as the main task in the field of national economic construction at this stage, while improving the ability of financial services to serve the real economy, and improve the medium - and long-term fund supply system of the real economy. Therefore, the financial industry should adhere to the purpose of financial services to the real economy, improve the matching of financial supply and the real economy, and guide financial resources to better support the key areas and weak links of economic and social development. However, for a long time, China's financial market has relied on the indirect financial market dominated by banks, and the direct financial market has been relatively low in scale, imperfect market mechanism, imperfect infrastructure and lack of multi-level capital market, which have directly affected the efficiency of financial services to the real economy.
  This paper takes Shaanxi Province as a case and focuses on the efficiency of financial services to the real economy, mainly from the following aspects: First, it interprets the development status of Shaanxi's financial industry, the development status of the real economy and the development status of financial support to the real economy, in order to understand the development status of financial support to the real economy. Secondly, the DEA-Malmquist index method is used to measure the efficiency of financial support for real economy development in Shaanxi Province and prefecture-level cities. Thirdly, by using multiple linear regression model, this paper empirically studies the relationship between the efficiency of financial support for real economy development in Shaanxi Province and various influencing factors. Finally, based on the conclusion of the study on the efficiency of Shaanxi Province's financial support for the development of the real economy, this paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the efficiency of Shaanxi Province's financial support for the development of the real economy: improve the collaborative service system of local legal persons, financial intermediaries and financing guarantee institutions; Cultivate a derivative trading market with Shaanxi characteristics to create a new pattern of development; We will promote the construction of regional financial service centers covering industrial clusters and the whole industrial chain.
Keywords: The real economy; Financial institutions; Financial service system