金融学院知识库

  “实现全体人民共同富裕”是中国式现代化的本质要求，金融在实现共同富裕的过程中发挥着重要的支撑作用。中央金融工作会议明确提出“建设金融强国”的目标并将普惠金融作为金融发展的重点方向之一。数字普惠金融以信息技术为工具，打破传统金融在地域和使用深度上的限制。其特点是将普惠与数字化相结合，有效解决居民融资困难和高成本的问题，从而提高资源配置效率，激发市场活力。新时代东北地区的全方位振兴需要广泛、有力的金融支持，并建立与数字时代相适应的金融体系。发展数字普惠金融对于加快东北地区产业结构转型升级、增强创业活力、推动新时代东北全面振兴、帮助东北地区人民实现共同富裕具有重要意义。
  首先，对关于数字普惠金融和共同富裕研究的国内外相关文献进行梳理和总结，明确数字普惠金融和共同富裕的内涵并厘清相关理论基础。其次，从直接和间接两个维度出发开展研究：（1）数字普惠金融发展直接影响东北地区共同富裕实现；（2）数字普惠金融能够通过促进产业结构升级推进东北地区实现共同富裕；（3）通过激发创业活跃度，数字普惠金融有助于实现东北地区的共同富裕目标；（4）分析数字普惠金融如何跨越“数字鸿沟”，使其对东北地区共同富裕目标的影响呈现非线性特征。再次，采用北京大学数字普惠金融第四期指数对东北地区数字普惠金融的发展水平进行具体分析，并采用熵值法从经济质效、发展协调、民生福祉3个角度选取19个指标测度东北地区共同富裕指数。最后，基于2011-2021年东北地区34个地级市的面板数据，运用双重固定效应模型、中介效应模型以及门槛效应模型，进行数字普惠金融促进东北地区实现共同富裕的效应测度。研究发现：尽管数字普惠金融在促进东北地区实现共同富裕方面发挥着显著的积极作用，但受制于数字门槛的存在，其影响呈现出非线性特征。根据机制分析结果可知，数字普惠金融通过提升创业活跃度和加快产业结构转型升级的两条路径促进东北地区的共同富裕实现。异质性分析表明，数字普惠金融在促进辽宁省共同富裕方面效果显著，而对黑龙江和吉林两省则呈现不显著的结果。
  结合理论分析和实证研究结果，本文提出如下政策建议：一是加强东北地区数字普惠金融发展水平；二是健全数字普惠金融监管体系；三是提升东北地区产业链韧性，加快产业结构升级；四是提升东北地区创业活跃度，支持民营经济高质量发展。

  The fundamental principle of "common prosperity for all" is an essential component of China's modernization, with finance playing a crucial and supportive role in its realization. The Central Financial Work Conference has explicitly outlined the objective of "building a robust financial nation" and identifies inclusive finance as a primary focus for financial development. Digital inclusive finance, leveraging information technology, transcends the traditional constraints of geography and depth in financial services. Its hallmark lies in the fusion of inclusivity and digitalization, effectively addressing residents' financial challenges and reducing costs, thereby enhancing resource allocation efficiency and stimulating market dynamism. The comprehensive rejuvenation of the Northeast region in the new era necessitates substantial and resilient financial backing, alongside the establishment of a financial framework aligned with the digital age. The advancement of digital inclusive finance holds significant importance in expediting the transformation and modernization of the industrial landscape in the Northeast region, fostering entrepreneurial vigor, spearheading the comprehensive revitalization of the Northeast in the new era, and facilitating the achievement of common prosperity for the people in the Northeast region.
  Initially, conduct a comprehensive review and summary of pertinent domestic and international literature concerning research on digital inclusive finance and common prosperity. This process should involve elucidating the underlying meanings of digital inclusive finance and common prosperity, as well as identifying and clarifying the relevant theoretical foundations. Subsequently, proceed to conduct research from both direct and indirect perspectives: (1) Direct influence on industrial structure upgrading and common prosperity achievement; (2) Promotion of entrepreneurial activities leading to common prosperity in Northeast China; (3) By fostering entrepreneurial activities, digital inclusive finance plays a crucial role in realizing the goal of shared prosperity in the Northeast region; (4) Analyzing the role of digital inclusive finance in bridging the "digital divide" and its non-linear impact on the goal of shared prosperity in the Northeast region. Furthermore, the paper utilizes the fourth phase of the Peking University Digital Inclusive Finance Index to analyze the digital inclusive finance development status in the Northeast region, employing the entropy method to select 19 indicators across economic quality and efficiency, development coordination, and citizens' well-being to gauge the Northeast Common Prosperity Index. Finally, drawing on panel data from 34 prefecture-level cities in Northeast China spanning 2011-2021, this research employs dual fixed effects models, intermediary effect models, and threshold effect models to evaluate the influence of digital inclusive finance on promoting common prosperity in the region. Research findings suggest that while digital inclusive finance significantly contributes to promoting common prosperity in the Northeast region, its impact displays a non-linear characteristic attributed to digital barriers. Based on the results of mechanism analysis, digital inclusive finance fosters common prosperity in the Northeast region through dual pathways: by stimulating entrepreneurial activity and expediting the transformation and enhancement of industrial structure. Heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that digital inclusive finance notably impacts the promotion of common prosperity in Liaoning Province, whereas it shows insignificant results in Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces.
  Drawing on theoretical analysis and empirical research, this article presents the following policy recommendations: Firstly, elevate the development of digital inclusive finance in the Northeast region; secondly, refine the regulatory framework for digital inclusive finance; thirdly, strengthen the resilience of the industrial chain in the Northeast region and expedite the upgrade of industrial structure; and fourthly, stimulate entrepreneurial activity in the Northeast region and bolster the high-quality development of the private economy.