统计与数据科学学院知识库

中国政府在第 75 届联合国大会上提出了推进碳达峰和碳中和的目标。党的 二十大报告指出：“实现碳达峰和碳中是一场广泛而深刻的经济社会系统性变 革”。实现“双碳”目标的关键在于两个方面：一是降低整体碳排放水平；二是 在保持一定经济增长的情况下，减少单位经济活动所产生的碳排放量。数字经 济具有高科技、低能耗、可测量以及宽领域的强渗透和融合能力的特点，能够 为改善碳排放绩效提供有效的解决方案。然而，关键在于如何更有效地利用数 字经济，使其成为“双碳”目标的有力助手。 本文的重点在于探讨数字经济对碳排放绩效的影响及作用机制，首先梳理 了数字经济、碳排放绩效和数字经济影响碳排放绩效等方面的研究，分析了数 字影响碳排放绩效的理论基础，提出了数字经济对碳排放绩效的可能影响机制。 然后基于熵权 TOPSIS 法测算各省数字经济发展水平，并将碳排放绩效分解为 碳排放量和碳排放效率。最后，采用了固定效应模型和中介效应模型，从碳减 排和碳增效两个方面对数字经济发展对碳排放绩效的影响及其作用机制进行了 实证分析，并进一步研究其异质性。得出以下结论： 1.数字经济在不同省份和地区的发展呈现出明显的差异。就具体情况而言， 广东、江苏、北京等地的数字经济发展水平处于领先地位，而青海、宁夏等地 则相对落后；总体来看，东部地区的数字经济发展水平最高，中部次之，而西 部地区则处于相对较低的水平。 2.数字经济的发展对改善碳排放绩效具有显著作用，主要体现在两个方面： 降低碳排放总量和提高碳排放效率。 3.数字经济通过技术创新可以显著改善碳排放绩效，不同的技术创新模式 对于数字经济改善碳排放绩效的作用效果是不同的。具体来说，在促进碳排放 绩效方面，自主创新模式是至关重要的，其次是模仿创新模式，而对于技术引 进是没有发挥作用的。 最后，根据研究结论，从缩小数字经济省域和地区的差距，建设数字化基 础设施和支持低碳技术自主创新的三个方面提出相关政策建议。

The Chinese government proposed the goal of promoting carbon peaking and carbon neutrality at the 75th United Nations General Assembly. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality is a broad and profound economic and social systemic change. The key to achieving the "dual carbon" goal lies in two aspects: first, reducing the overall carbon emissions level; The second is to reduce the carbon emissions generated by unit economic activities while maintaining a certain level of economic growth. The digital economy has the characteristics of high technology, low energy consumption, measurability, and strong penetration and integration capabilities across a wide range of fields, which can provide effective solutions for improving carbon emission performance. However, the key lies in how to more effectively utilize the digital economy and make it a powerful assistant to the "dual carbon" goals. The focus of this thesis is to explore the impact and mechanism of the digital economy on carbon emission performance. Firstly, the research on the digital economy, carbon emission performance, and the impact of the digital economy on carbon emission performance is sorted out. The theoretical basis of the digital impact on carbon emission performance is analyzed, and the possible impact mechanism of the digital economy on  carbon emission performance is proposed. Then, based on the entropy weight TOPSIS method, the development level of digital economy in each province is calculated, and the carbon emission performance is decomposed into carbon emissions and carbon emission efficiency. The carbon emission coefficient method and the unexpected output SBM model are used to calculate them respectively. We used fixed effect models and mediation effect models to empirically analyze the impact and mechanism of digital economy development on carbon emission performance from two aspects: carbon reduction and carbon efficiency enhancement. And further study its heterogeneity. Draw the following conclusion: 1.The development of the digital economy shows significant differences in different provinces and regions. In terms of specific circumstances, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Beijing and other places are in a leading position in the development of digital economy, while Qinghai, Ningxia and other places are relatively backward. Overall, the digital economy development level in the eastern region is the highest, followed by the central region, while the western region is at a relatively low level. 2.The development of the digital economy has a significant impact on improving carbon emission performance, mainly reflected in two aspects: reducing total carbon emissions and improving carbon emission efficiency.  3. The digital economy can significantly improve carbon emission performance through technological innovation, and different technological innovation models have different effects on improving carbon emission performance in the digital economy. Specifically, in promoting carbon emission performance, independent innovation models are crucial, followed by imitative innovation models, which have no effect on technology introduction. The digital economy can significantly improve carbon emission performance through technological innovation, and different technological innovation models have different effects on improving carbon emission performance in the digital economy. Specifically, in promoting carbon emission performance, independent innovation models are crucial, followed by imitative innovation models, which have no effect on technology introduction. Finally, based on the research findings, relevant policy recommendations are proposed from three aspects: narrowing the gap between digital economy provinces and regions, building digital infrastructure, and supporting low-carbon technology independent innovation.