统计与数据科学学院知识库

自上世纪80年代，出长三角一体化构想至今，经过40余年的长期探索，长三角一体化发展在产业、经济、文化、环保等领域都取得显著的成绩。2018 年，长三角一体化战略上升为国家战略，长三角一体化进入新的发展阶段。作为实现创新驱动发展，培育经济发展新动能的关键领域，高技术产业也会顺应发展政策，充分享受一体化战略发展红利，实现发展新突破。对此，关注实现创新发 展重点领域的高技术产业，测度其绿色创新效率，明晰一体化战略对高技术产业绿色创新效率的影响作用机制，对于区域加快绿色发展及创新驱动协同发展具有重要意义。

梳理相关文献，本文基于 2012-2021 年中国省级面板数据，首先利用非期望产出 Super-SBM 模型测度高技术产业绿色创新效率，分析研究期内高技术产业绿色创新效率的分布状况及区域差异，并利用核密度估计法绘制三维核密度估计图，估计效率变化的动态演进趋势；接着构建多种计量模型，完成长三角一体化战略对高技术产业绿色创新效率影响的实证分析，其中不仅实证检验了长三角一体化战略对高技术产业绿色创新效率的影响关系，也探讨了营商环境水平的门槛 效应及产业结构升级的中介效应，并进行一系列稳健性检验确保结果的稳定性；最后根据实证分析结果ᨀ出针对性建议。研究主要结论有：①我国的高技术产业绿色创新效率水平整体不高，呈现波动上升趋势，长三角效率值高于全国平均水平；②高技术产业绿色创新效率水平区域差异明显，且呈现逐渐扩大趋势；③实施长三角一体化战略对高技术产业绿色创新效率具有正向促进作用；④不同营商环境水平下，长三角一体化战略对高技术产业绿色创新效率的促进程度不同，同时，产业结构升级在其中具有中介效应。本文主要工作及创新有：研究视角上，考虑产业创新过程中的环境问题，测度我国省域高技术产业绿色创新效率，在实证分析中，将一体化政策的研究与绿色创新发展纳入统一体系进行研究，拓展既有文献关于一体化政策对创新及绿色发展的研究内容；研究方向上，针对新阶段长三角一体化战略展开研究，探究一体化战略是否对高技术产业绿色创新效率产生影响，丰富长三角一体化政策的相关研究；研究方法上，采用非期望产出的Super-SBM模型测度效率，可以比较同时位于有效前沿面省份效率的大小；利用双重差分模型进行政策作用效果分析，达到分离出政策作用效果的净效应的目的。

Since the 1980s, the concept of integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta has been proposed. After more than 40 years of long-term exploration, significant achievements have been made in the fields of industry, economy, culture, and environmental protection. In 2018, the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta rose to the national strategy, entering a new stage of development. As a key area to achieve innovative-driven development and cultivate new economic growth drivers, high-tech industries will also comply with development policies, fully enjoy the benefits of integrated development strategy, and achieve new breakthroughs in development. Therefore, it is of great significance to focus on the high-tech industries in key areas of innovative development, measure their green innovation efficiency, clarify the impact mechanism of integrated strategy on the green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries, and promote regional green development and coordinated development of innovation-driven development.

 Based on the panel data of Chinese provinces from 2012 to 2021, this study first uses the Super-SBM model to measure the green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries, analyzes the distribution and regional differences of green innovation efficiency in high-tech industries during the research period, and uses kernel density estimation to draw a three-dimensional kernel density estimation map to estimate the dynamic evolution trend of efficiency changes. Then, multiple econometric models are constructed to empirically analyze the impact of the Yangtze River Delta integration strategy on the green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries. The study not only empirically tests the relationship between the Yangtze River Delta integration strategy and the green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries, but also explores the threshold effect of the business environment level and the mediating effect of industrial structure upgrading. A series of robustness tests are conducted to ensure the stability of the results. Finally, targeted recommendations are proposed based on the empirical analysis results.

 The main conclusions of the study are as follows: The overall level of innovation efficiency in China’s high-tech industries is not high, showing a fluctuating upward trend, significant regional differences, and a gradually widening trend. The average efficiency in the Yangtze River Delta region is higher than that in non-Yangtze River Delta regions and the national average, and is in a relatively leading position. The implementation of the integrated strategy in the Yangtze River Delta has a positive promoting effect on the green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries. The better the business environment in the region, the stronger the effect of the integrated strategy on the green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries. At the same time, the integrated strategy can promote industrial structure upgrading, thereby improving the green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries.

The main work and innovations of this study are as follows:In terms of research perspective, considering environmental issues in the industrial innovation process, measuring the green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries in Chinese provinces, and in empirical analysis, integrating the research on integrated policies with green innovation development for a comprehensive study, expanding the existing literature on the research on the impact of integrated policies on innovation and green development. In terms of research direction, conducting research on the new stage of the integrated strategy in the Yangtze River Delta, exploring whether the integrated strategy has an impact on the green innovation efficiency of high-tech industries, and enriching the relevant research on the integrated policy of the Yangtze River Delta. In terms of research methods, using the Super-SBM model of unexpected output to measure efficiency can compare the size of efficiency in provinces located on the efficient frontier at the same time, and using the difference-in-differences model for policy effect analysis can separate the net effect of policy effects.