统计与数据科学学院知识库

共同富裕是社会主义的本质要求，是中国式现代化的重要特征。党的二十大报告指出，中国式现代化是全体人民共同富裕的现代化，坚持把实现人民对美好生活的向往作为现代化建设的出发点和落脚点，着力促进全体人民共同富裕。在共同富裕开始进入扎实推进的实质性发展阶段的同时，数字经济也成为经济增长的新动能，当前我国共同富裕面临的主要挑战是发展的不平衡不充分问题，而数字经济具有高创新性、强渗透性以及广覆盖性的特点，兼具创造财富和共享财富属性，高度契合共同富裕的目标要求，成为新时代扎实推进共同富裕有利的技术条件。因此，在推进共同富裕的进程中，要将数字经济作为重要抓手。深入研究数字经济如何促进共同富裕，并明确其作用机制和实现路径，这对于中国进入“十四五”时期经济高质量发展以及推进共同富裕目标具有重要意义。

本文将数字经济与共同富裕纳入同一个分析框架中，定性分析了数字经济对共同富裕的直接效应、作用机制和空间效应并提出相应假设，基于共同富裕的内涵运用熵权法对共同富裕子系统进行赋权，并通过IHDI构造思路，综合运用Dagum基尼系数及其分解、Kernel密度估计、全局和局部Moran’I的方法分析了当前我国共同富裕发展现状。在理论分析的基础上，本文基于2013-2021年中国273个城市的面板数据，运用双向固定效应模型、中介效应模型、面板分位数模型和空间杜宾模型等计量模型对文章所提假设进行实证检验。

研究发现：①我国共同富裕水平整体呈上升趋势，东部城市共同富裕发展水平好于中西部城市，但中西部城市的年均增长率高于东部城市，形成“良性追赶”的态势，使得东中西间的差距不断缩小。②地区间的差异是我国共同富裕水平差异的主要来源，在组间差异中，东部地区和西部地区间的差异最大，而中部和东北部的差异最小；③共同富裕密度曲线不断右移，表明我国共同富裕水平不断提高，全国和东部地区出现侧峰，说明存在两极分化现象；④从莫兰指数可以看出我国共同富裕水平有明显的空间正相关性；⑤数字经济的发展能够显著的推动共同富裕的发展；且数字经济可以通过提升人力资本水平、优化民营经济发展、提高城市创新能力以及提升创业活跃度，进而推动共同富裕的发展；⑥数字经济促进共同富裕存在显著的区域异质性、时间异质性、扶贫政策异质性及资源聚集异质性，其中东部地区的效应高于中西部地区，2018-2021年间的效应高于2013-2017年间效应，含贫困县城市的效应低于不含贫困县城市的效应，五大城市群城市的效应高于非五大城市群的效应；⑦数字经济促进共同富裕存在“马太效应”，即共同富裕水平越高的地区，数字经济对共同富裕的促进效果越强。⑧数字经济对共同富裕水平的影响存在显著的空间溢出效应。

Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism and an important feature of Chinese-style modernization. The report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that Chinese-style modernization is the modernization of common prosperity for all the people. We should adhere to the realization of the people's yearning for a better life as the starting point and goal of modernization, and strive to promote common prosperity for all the people. At the same time that common prosperity has entered a substantial development stage of solid progress, digital economy has also become a new driving force of economic growth. At present, the main challenge of common prosperity in China is the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development. It is highly in line with the goal and requirements of common prosperity and has become a favorable technical condition for solid promotion of common prosperity in the new era. Therefore, in the process of promoting common prosperity, digital economy should be taken as an important starting point. In-depth research on how digital economy promotes common prosperity, and clarifying its mechanism and realization path, is of great significance for China to enter the "14th Five-Year Plan" period of high-quality economic development and promote the goal of common prosperity.

This paper brings digital economy and common prosperity into the same analytical framework, qualitatively analyzes the direct effect, action mechanism and spatial effect of digital economy on common prosperity, and puts forward corresponding hypotheses. Based on the connotation of common prosperity, this paper uses entropy weight method to empower the common prosperity subsystem, and constructs ideas through IHDI. The Dagum Gini coefficient and its decomposition, Kernel density estimation, global and local Moran's 'i methods are used to analyze the development status of common prosperity in China. On the basis of theoretical analysis, based on the panel data of 273 cities in China from 2013 to 2021, this paper uses quantitative models such as two-way fixed effect model, mediating effect model, panel quantile model and spatial Durbin model to test the hypotheses proposed in this paper.

The results show that:①The common prosperity level in China is on the rise as a whole. ②The difference among regions is the main source of the difference of common prosperity level in China. In the difference among groups, the difference between the eastern region and the western region is the largest, while the difference between the central region and the northeastern region is the smallest; ③The common prosperity density curve keeps shifting to the right, indicating that the common prosperity level of our country is constantly improving, and there are side peaks in the whole country and the eastern region, indicating that there is polarization phenomenon; ④It can be seen from Moran index that China's common prosperity level has obvious spatial positive correlation; ⑤The development of digital economy can significantly promote the development of common prosperity; Moreover, digital economy can promote the development of common prosperity by improving the level of human capital, optimizing the development of private economy, improving the innovation ability of cities and enhancing the activity of entrepreneurship. ⑥There are significant regional heterogeneity, time heterogeneity, poverty alleviation policy heterogeneity and resource aggregation heterogeneity in the promotion of common prosperity by digital economy. The utility of the eastern region is higher than that of the central and western regions, the effect from 2018 to 2021 is higher than that from 2013 to 2017, and the utility of cities including poor counties is lower than that of cities without poor counties. The utility of the big Five urban agglomerations is higher than that of the non-big Five urban agglomerations.⑦The Matthew effect exists in the promotion of common prosperity by digital economy, that is, the higher the level of common prosperity is, the stronger the promotion effect of digital economy on common prosperity is. ⑧The impact of digital economy on the level of common prosperity has a significant spatial spillover effect.