经济学院知识库

党的二十大指出，未来五年是全面建设社会主义现代化国家开局起步的关键时期，科技自立自强能力显著提升是我国的主要任务目标。随着我国经济步入新常态，创新已经成为提升科技自立自强能力的核心战略。但与发达国家相比，中国面临着创新质量不高、极易陷入模仿陷阱和技术追赶陷阱等困境，需要积极转变创新模式。在数字时代，数字经济以其数字化的信息和知识、强大融合性的信息通信技术以及互联互通的信息网络，渗透进传统产业的方方面面，促进创新资源高效流动，加速创新资源整合，增强创新主体的创新意愿，进而影响创新模式。因此，探讨数字经济对创新模式的影响效果和作用机制具有重要的现实意义。

基于2011-2021年29个省份的面板数据，构建基准回归模型、中介效应模型、门槛效应模型和分组回归模型，得出以下结论：（1）数字经济促进创新模式。数字经济对模仿创新的促进作用最大，对自主创新的促进作用次之，对技术引进的促进作用最小。（2）数字经济通过扩大技术市场交易规模和增加金融市场厚度促进创新模式。（3）随着数字经济发展阶段的演变，数字经济与技术引进之间表现为显著正向关系，数字经济与模仿创新、自主创新之间呈现出倒“U”型的非线性关系。在数字经济初级阶段，数字经济对模仿创新的促进作用最大，对自主创新的促进作用次之，对技术引进的促进作用最小。在数字经济高级阶段，数字经济对模仿创新的抑制作用最大，对自主创新的抑制作用最小。(4)在东部地区，数字经济与创新模式之间呈显著倒“U”型关系。在中西部地区，数字经济与自主创新之间呈显著倒“U”型关系。（5）当环境规制强度越大，数字经济对创新模式的缩小作用越强。（6）在知识产权保护程度更高、研发规模更高、市场化水平更低和政府干预程度更高的地区，数字经济对技术引进的促进作用更大；在知识产权保护程度更高、研发规模更高、市场化水平更高和政府干预程度更高的地区，数字经济对模仿创新的促进作用更大；在知识产权保护程度更高、研发规模更高、市场化水平更高和政府干预程度更低的地区，数字经济对自主创新的促进作用更大。根据以上结果，本文提出培育良好的数字经济发展环境、完善数字经济基础设施建设和发挥创新模式协同效应的建议。

The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that the next five years are a crucial period for the comprehensive construction of a socialist modernized country to begin with, and the main task goal of China is to significantly improve its ability to achieve technological self-reliance and self-improvement. With China's economy entering a new normal, innovation has become the core strategy for enhancing technological self-reliance and self-improvement. However, compared with developed countries, China is facing difficulties such as low innovation quality, falling into imitation traps and technology catch-up traps easily, and needs to actively transform its innovation model. In the digital age, the digital economy permeates all aspects of traditional industries with its digital information and knowledge, integrated information and communication technologies, and interconnected information networks, promoting efficient flow of innovation resources, accelerating the integration of innovation resources, enhancing the innovation willingness of innovation subjects, and thus influencing innovation models. Therefore, exploring the impact and mechanism of the digital economy on innovation models is of great practical significance.

Based on the panel data of 29 provinces from 2011-2021, this paper constructs the benchmark regression model, the mediation effect model, the threshold effect model and the grouping regression model, and draws the following conclusions: (1) The digital economy promotes innovation models. The digital economy has the greatest promoting effect on imitative innovation, followed by independent innovation, and the least promoting effect on technology introduction. (2) The digital economy promotes innovative models by expanding the trading scale of technology markets and increasing the thickness of financial markets. (3) With the evolution of the development stage of the digital economy, there is a significant positive relationship between the digital economy and technology introduction, and a non-linear inverted U-shaped relationship between the digital economy and imitation innovation and independent innovation. In the primary stage of the digital economy, the digital economy has the greatest promoting effect on imitation innovation, followed by the promoting effect on independent innovation, and the promoting effect on technology introduction is the smallest. In the advanced stage of the digital economy, the digital economy has the greatest inhibitory effect on imitative innovation and the least inhibitory effect on independent innovation. (4) In the eastern region, there is a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between the digital economy and innovation models. In the central and western regions, there is a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between the digital economy and independent innovation. (5) The greater the intensity of environmental regulations, the stronger the shrinking effect of the digital economy on innovative models. (6) In regions with higher levels of intellectual property protection, higher R&D investment scale, lower levels of marketization, and higher levels of government intervention, the digital economy has a greater promoting effect on technology introduction; In regions with higher levels of intellectual property protection, higher R&D investment scale, higher levels of marketization, and higher levels of government intervention, the digital economy has a greater promoting effect on imitation innovation; In regions with higher levels of intellectual property protection, higher R&D investment scale, higher levels of marketization, and lower levels of government intervention, the digital economy plays a greater role in promoting independent innovation. Based on the above results, this article proposes suggestions for cultivating a favorable environment for the development of the digital economy, improving the construction of digital economy infrastructure, and leveraging the synergistic effect of innovative models.