经济学院知识库

数字经济有别于农、工业经济，是一种新经济形态。随着新一代数字技术的 迅猛发展以及产业转型升级的加速推进，数字经济在国民经济发展中的重要引擎 作用不断凸显。数字化进程正不断影响着传统产业的发展方式以及人们之间的交 流互动形式，产业边界逐渐模糊、生产效率逐步提高。数字经济的发展可以将传 统生产要素与新型生产要素有效衔接，加速要素流动，助推我国经济高质量发展 的步伐，对国民经济和社会发展具有深远影响。从 2013 年互联网行业迎来移动 端时代，我国数字经济迈入成熟期开始到 2022 年“十四五”数字经济发展规划， 我国数字经济在国家宏观政策指引下加速发展。在我国经济由量向质转变的背景 下，信息和数据要素发挥的作用至关重要。因此，研究我国数字经济发展效率以 及区域差异，有助于了解各省（市、区）数字经济发展状况，对提高把握数字经 济的敏锐性，进而推动经济高质量发展具有深远意义。 基于以上背景，本文选择以 2013 年为起始点，以 2013 年-2022 年为研究期， 构建我国数字经济发展效率指标体系，利用超效率 SBM 模型以及 DEA-Malmquist 指数模型从静、动态两大视角衡量数字经济效率，并选取 Dagum 基尼系数分析区 域差异。研究发现：第一，从静态效率结果看，在整个研究期内，我国数字经济 发展综合效率呈现波动上升趋势。数字经济突破了时空限制，不再遵循“东、中、 西”分布格局，各省（市、区）发展效率差异较大，东部地区和南方地区是数字 经济效率提升的主力军，但西部地区和北方地区逐渐成为数字经济发展的新增长 极。第二，从动态效率结果看，2013 年-2022 年间，全要素生产率呈现“W”型 波动趋势，东部地区整体表现好于其它区域。技术进步的频繁波动导致全要素生 产率发生变化，核心技术把握不足是制约我国数字技术升级的主要因素。第三， 总体差异呈现收敛状态，但四大区域和南北地区的总体差异来源有所不同，区域 间差异是造成我国四大区域数字经济发展效率不平衡的主导力量，而南北地区总 体差异的来源则是区域内差异。第四，新型数字基础设施对数字经济发展效率的 影响程度不大，数字经济发展效率的提升仍然是以劳动力投入要素和技术投入要 素为主导。为此，本文提出要加强新型数字基础设施覆盖度、打造西部地区数字 产业增长极、强化省际数字经济合作以促进区域协调发展以及推动关键核心数字 技术攻关突破等政策建议。

The digital economy is a new economic form,which is different from agricultural and industrial economies.With the rapid development of a new generation of digital technologies as well as the promotion of industrial transformation and upgrading,the digital economy has continued to demonstrate its role as an important driver in the development of national economy.The digitalization process is constantly affecting the way traditional industries develop and the communication and interaction among people.The boundaries of industries are gradually blurred,and the efficiency of production is gradually improved.The development of digital economy that has a far-reaching influences with regard to the national development and social development can effectively link traditional production factors to new production factors and accelerate factor flow,which can improve the level of high-quality economic development.From the era of mobile devices in the internet industry in 2013,when China's digital economy entered a mature stage,to the 14th Five Year Plan for the development of the digital economy in 2022,China's digital economy has accelerated its development with the introduction of a range of macroeconomic policies by the country.Information and data elements is crucial in the country’s shift from quantity to quality.Therefore, studying the efficiency and regional differences of digital economy development in China helps to understand 兰州财经大学硕士学位论文 数字经济发展效率的测度及区域差异研究 the status of digital economy development in each province (city and district),and has profound significance in improving the sensitivity of grasping the digital economy,thereby promoting high-quality economic development. Based on the above background,this article chooses 2013 as the starting point and 2013-2022 as the research period to construct an efficiency indicator system for the development of China's digital economy.The study measured the efficiency of digital economy using the super-efficiency model and the Malmquist index model from both static and dynamic aspects.Then,this paper analyzes regional differences by Dagum Gini coefficient analysis.The first conclusion is that the comprehensive efficiency showed a fluctuating upward trend from the static results.The digital economy has broken through the limitations of time and space,no longer following the distribution pattern of "East, Central,and West".There is a obvious difference in efficiency between provinces.The effects exerted by the eastern and southern regions are relatively significant, the western and northern regions are catching up.The second conclusion is that "W" -shaped fluctuations in total factor productivity during the entire research period from dynamic angle,with the eastern region performing better overall than other regions.The frequent fluctuations in technological progress have led to changes in total factor productivity, and insufficient grasp of core technologies is the 兰州财经大学硕士学位论文 数字经济发展效率的测度及区域差异研究 main factor restricting China's digital technology upgrading.The third conclusion is that the overall differences are converging,but the sources of overall differences between the four major regions and the North South regions are different.The regional differences among the four regions have a significant contribution to the overall differences,which lead to an imbalance in the efficiency of digital economy development.The overall differences between the North and South regions are sourced from regional differences.The fourth conclusion is that it has little impact on digital economy development for new digital infrastructure. The improvement of digital economy development efficiency is still dominated by labor input factors and technology input factors. Therefore,this article proposes some policy recommendations such as strengthening the coverage of new digital infrastructure,creating a growth pole for digital industries in the western region,strengthening inter provincial digital economic cooperation to promote regional coordinated development,and promoting breakthroughs in key core digital technologies.