MBA教育中心知识库

  商业银行在市场经济组成中占据着核心的地位，对经济发展的影响重大，近年来随着全球经济波动，商业银行业经营环境面临不利的变化，经营风险持续上升，作为商业银行主要的资产类业务，信贷业务的资产质量更是急剧下降，不良资产规模持续增长，不断增加的信贷风险更是给国家金融安全和经济持续稳定的发展带来极大的挑战。为此，如何加强不良贷款管理，提升信贷资产质量，以化解商业银行经营风险显得尤为重要。

  本文以邮储银行P分行不良贷款的管理为研究对象，在国内外相关研究文献和信贷资产管理核心理论的基础上，针对邮储银行P分行当前不良贷款管理的现状，从不良贷款防范和处置两个方面设计问卷，选择相关从业人员进行调研分析，并就问卷调查统计中显示的突出问题，进一步有针对性的选取受访对象进行深度访谈。结果显示，邮储银行P分行在不良贷款管理方面存在着防范不足和处置不力的问题。具体表现为：贷款“三查”制度执行不到位、客户经理专业素养欠缺、系统预警能力弱、员工风险意识淡薄；同时不良贷款问责制度落实不到位、资产保全人员专业能力不足、市场化处置手段运用不足、不良贷款处置周期长等。

  基于以上的分析，结合邮储银行P分行实际的经营状况，本文从加强信贷业务制度落实力度、强化信贷队伍建设、强化风险控制水平、多样化市场处置方式四方面提出了不良贷款管理的优化策略；并从人员激励建设、人力资源配备、合规文化建设和内部监督检查等方面提出了相应的保障措施。

    Commercial banks occupy a core position in the composition of the market economy and have a significant impact on economic development. In recent years, with global economic fluctuations, the operating environment of the commercial banking industry has faced unfavorable changes, and operational risks have continued to rise. As the main asset business of commercial banks, the asset quality of credit business has sharply declined, and the scale of non-performing assets has continued to grow. The increasing credit risks have brought great challenges to national financial security and the sustained and stable development of the economy. Therefore, it is particularly important to strengthen the management of non-performing loans, improve the quality of credit assets, and resolve operational risks in commercial banks.

    This article takes the management of non-performing loans in Postal Savings Bank P Branch as the research object. Based on relevant research literature and core theories of credit asset management at home and abroad, a questionnaire is designed from two aspects: non-performing loan prevention and disposal. Relevant practitioners are selected for research and analysis, and targeted in-depth interviews are conducted with the interviewees based on the prominent issues shown in the questionnaire survey statistics. The results show that the P branch of Postal Savings Bank of China has insufficient prevention and inadequate disposal in non-performing loan management. Specifically, it manifests as inadequate implementation of the "three checks" system for loans, lack of professional competence among customer managers, weak system warning capabilities, and weak risk awareness among employees; At the same time, the implementation of the accountability system for non-performing loans is not in place, the professional ability of asset preservation personnel is insufficient, the use of market-oriented disposal methods is insufficient, and the disposal cycle for non-performing loans is long.

    Based on the above analysis and combined with the actual operating situation of Postal Savings Bank P Branch, this article proposes optimization strategies for non-performing loan management from the aspects of strengthening the implementation of credit business systems, strengthening credit team construction, enhancing risk control levels, and diversifying market disposal methods; And corresponding safeguard measures have been proposed from the aspects of personnel incentive construction, human resource allocation, compliance culture construction, and internal supervision and inspection.