金融学院知识库

乡村振兴战略是我国农业农村现代化的重大举措，旨在实现农业农村发展的 质量变革、效率变革、动力变革，提高农民生活水平和幸福感，缩小城乡差距， 促进社会公平正义。目前我国仍存在较大的城乡收入差距，阻碍了乡村振兴战略 的全面实施。农业保险作为一种有效的农业风险管理工具，可以为农民提供风险 保障，支持乡村振兴战略的实施。研究农业保险对城乡收入差距的效果与机制、 探索农业保险服务乡村振兴的有效路径，具有重要的理论意义和政策价值。

农业保险作为收入再分配手段之一，能直接发挥转移支付作用对城乡收入差距产生影响;围绕乡村振兴的要求，农业保险影响城乡收入差距的间接机制还包 括促进农业技术进步、提高农业产出水平、推动劳动力转移三条路径。为验证以上推断，利用 2013 年-2021 年的省级面板数据对进行实证分析，得到以下结论: 1农业保险在长期内能缩小城乡收入差距并存在时滞，在非粮食主产区、高劳动 装备率、低城镇失业率的地区具有显著异质性影响;2乡村振兴带来的产业结构优化升级会削弱农业保险缩小城乡收入差距的作用;3农业保险能通过促进农业技术进步、提高农业产出水平间接缩小城乡收入差距，并存在“农业保险-农业技术进步-农业产出水平-城乡收入差距”的传导路径;4农业保险能通过推动劳 动力转移间接缩小城乡收入差距，但农业机械化水平的提高会削弱这一推动力。

根据以上研究结论提出如下政策建议:第一，完善农业保险参保激励支持政策;第二，在产品、基础设施和人才培养方面推动农业保险的创新;第三，因地制宜，持续发挥农业保险间接缩小城乡收入差距的作用机制;第四，加强农业保险与其他农村金融和支农惠农政策的协同。

The rural revitalization strategy is a major measure for the modernization of China's agriculture and rural areas, aiming to achieve the quality change, efficiency change and power change of agricultural and rural development, improve farmers' living standards and happiness, narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, and promote social equity and justice. At present, there is still a large urban-rural income gap in China, which hinders the full implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. As an effective agricultural risk management tool, agricultural insurance can provide risk protection for farmers and support the implementation of rural revitalization strategy. It has important theoretical significance and policy value to study the effect and mechanism of agricultural insurance on urban-rural income gap and explore the effective path of agricultural insurance serving rural revitalization.

As one of the means of income redistribution, agricultural insurance can directly play the role of transfer payment and affect the income gap between urban and rural areas. Around the requirements of rural revitalization, the indirect mechanism of agricultural insurance affecting the urban-rural income gap also includes three ways to promote agricultural technological progress, improve the level of agricultural output, and promote labor transfer. In order to verify the above inference, the provincial panel data from 2013 to 2021 were used for empirical analysis, and the following conclusions were drawn: (1) Agricultural insurance can narrow the urban-rural income gap in the long run with a time lag, and has a significant heterogeneity effect in non-grain producing areas, areas with high labor equipment rate and low urban unemployment rate; (2) The optimization and upgrading of industrial structure brought about by rural revitalization will weaken the role of agricultural insurance in narrowing the urban-rural income gap; (3) Agricultural insurance can indirectly narrow the urban-rural income gap by promoting agricultural technology progress and improving agricultural output level, and there is a transmission path of "agricultural insurance - agricultural technology progress - agricultural output level - urban-rural income gap"; (4) Agricultural insurance can indirectly narrow the urban-rural income gap by promoting labor transfer, but the increase of agricultural mechanization will weaken this driving force.

According to the above research conclusions, the following policy recommendations are put forward: First, improve the incentive support policy for agricultural insurance; Second, promote innovation in agricultural insurance in terms of products, infrastructure and personnel training; Third, according to local conditions, continue to play the agricultural insurance indirect narrowing urban-rural income gap mechanism; Fourth, strengthen the coordination between agricultural insurance and other rural finance and policies to support agriculture and benefit agriculture.