经济学院知识库

随着大数据、人工智能等前沿数字技术的飞速发展，我国逐渐步入了数字经济的时代。这一转型不仅标志着我国经济结构的深刻变革，更预示着全球竞争格局正发生着重大变化。我国政府对数字经济的发展给予了极高的重视和关注。从2016年G20杭州峰会到党的二十大报告都提出了要加快发展数字经济。在相关政策的引导下，数字经济逐渐成为我国经济发展的新引擎。然而，在经济发展过程中，受到市场化条件不完善、政策性因素的影响，劳动力错配的现象一直存在，导致劳动力配置效率较低。这不仅制约了我国经济的健康发展，也影响了社会福祉的提升。因此，如何改善劳动力错配，提高劳动力配置效率成为摆在我们面前的重要问题。而数字经济作为新经济形态，不仅为我国经济增长注入了新动能，也有效改变了传统经济背景下的资源配置机制，为劳动力配置效率的提升提供了新路径。
鉴于上述背景，本文通过理论分析数字经济发展对劳动力配置效率的影响机制，利用我国30个省级面板数据测度了我国数字经济发展水平指数，采用固定效应模型和中介效应模型实证检验了我国数字经济发展水平与劳动力配置效率的关系。研究结果表明：第一，数字经济发展能够显著提升我国劳动力配置效率，这一结论在考虑了内生性问题和进行稳健性检验以后仍然成立；第二，技术创新水平和就业活跃度是数字经济发展影响劳动力资源配置效率的重要传导机制。第三，异质性研究结果表明，数字经济对中部地区、产能过剩程度较高地区和市场化程度较高的地区的劳动力配置效率的提升效果较高。
最后，根据文章对于数字经济发展与劳动力配置效率的理论分析和实证检验结果对论文相关内容进行总结，同时提出对应的政策启示。这一研究有助于从劳动力配置效率的视角出发，深化对数字经济发展所带来红利效应的认识，并通过推动数字经济的发展，优化劳动力资源的配置，提高劳动力配置效率，进而解决劳动力错配问题。

With the rapid development of cutting-edge digital technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, China has gradually stepped into the era of digital economy. This transformation not only marks the profound reform of China's economic structure, but also indicates that the global competition pattern is undergoing major changes. Our government attaches great importance and concern to the development of digital economy. From the 2016 G20 Hangzhou Summit to the Party's 20th National Congress report, it is proposed to accelerate the development of the digital economy. Under the guidance of relevant policies, the digital economy has gradually become a new engine of our country's economic development. However, in the process of economic development, affected by imperfect market conditions and policy factors, the phenomenon of labor mismatch has always existed, resulting in low efficiency of labor allocation. This not only restricts the healthy development of our economy, but also affects the improvement of social well-being. Therefore, how to improve the mismatch of labor force and improve the efficiency of labor force allocation has become an important issue before us. As a new economic form, digital economy not only injects new momentum into China's economic growth, but also effectively changes the resource allocation mechanism under the traditional economic background, and provides a new path for the improvement of labor allocation efficiency.
In view of the above background, this paper theoretically analyzes the influence mechanism of the development of digital economy on the efficiency of labor allocation, measures the development level index of China's digital economy by using the panel data of 30 provinces in China, and empirically tests the relationship between the development level of China's digital economy and the efficiency of labor allocation by using the fixed effect model and the intermediary effect model. The results show that: first, the development of digital economy can significantly improve the efficiency of China's labor allocation, and this conclusion is still valid after considering the endogenous problem and robustness test; Second, the level of technological innovation and employment activity are important transmission mechanisms for the development of digital economy to affect the efficiency of labor resource allocation. Third, heterogeneity research results show that digital economy has a higher effect on improving labor allocation efficiency in central regions, regions with higher excess capacity and regions with higher marketization.
Finally, according to the theoretical analysis and empirical test results of the paper on the development of digital economy and labor allocation efficiency, the relevant content of the paper is summarized, and the corresponding policy implications are proposed. This study is helpful to deepen the understanding of the dividend effect brought by the development of digital economy from the perspective of labor allocation efficiency, and to optimize the allocation of labor resources and improve the efficiency of labor allocation by promoting the development of digital economy, so as to solve the problem of labor mismatch.