金融学院知识库

在大数据、人工智能等新兴数字技术不断发展的背景下，数字经济得到广泛快速的发展，我国城市商业银行同样面临着机遇与挑战。数字普惠金融与传统城市商业银行的深度融合，一方面促使城市商业银行更加注重服务方式的优化升级，以满足多元化的客户需求；另一方面，在扩大服务覆盖面的同时，也加剧了行业内外部的竞争压力，从而反过来对城市商业银行的盈利空间构成了挤压，城市商业银行在面临数字化冲击时，经营模式必然会发生变化。因此，本文探寻数字普惠金融与城市商业银行之间的关系，探究二者之间作用机理，研究数字普惠金融对城市商业银行经营绩效的具体作用机制，将有助于城市商业银行系统地运用数字普惠金融提高自身的经营绩效，为城市商业银行提高自身硬实力发展提供建议。

本文针对数字普惠金融对城市商业银行经营绩效的影响方面的研究主要采用理论和实证相结合的方法。在理论层面，通过从数字普惠金融的传导路径及其内在作用机制出发，以揭示其对城市商业银行经营绩效产生的影响；而在实证层面，本文选取了2012年到2021年77家城市商业银行的面板数据为样本进行研究，得出以下结论：首先，数字普惠金融的发展总体上抑制了城市商业银行的经营绩效。其次，长期来看数字普惠金融对城市商业银行经营绩效的影响是非线性的。再次，数字普惠金融的发展对城市商业银行经营绩效的影响具有异质性，具体而言对上市城市商业银行抑制效果小于非上市城市商业银行；东部地区抑制作用最小，其次是中西部地区。最后，城市商业银行的非利息收入比和成本收入比在数字普惠金融对城市商业银行经营绩效影响的过程中起到了部分中介作用。

因此，本文从两个方面提出如下几点建议：城市商业银行层面：一是强化与互联网金融科技公司的战略合作；二是按自身特点合理研发创新性金融产品和服务；三是不断提升和完善数字普惠金融业务的风险管控能力，构建严密的风险防控体系；四是大力培育具备金融科技专业素养的人才队伍。政府层面：一是全力推进数字普惠金融基础设施的建设和优化；二是建立适应新型金融服务模式的监管机制。

Against the backdrop of the continuous development of emerging digital technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, the digital economy has experienced widespread and rapid development, and urban commercial banks in China are also facing opportunities and challenges. The deep integration of digital inclusive finance and traditional urban commercial banks has prompted urban commercial banks to pay more attention to optimizing and upgrading their service methods to meet diverse customer needs; On the other hand, while expanding service coverage, it also intensifies competition pressure both inside and outside the industry, which in turn squeezes the profit space of urban commercial banks. When urban commercial banks face digital shocks, their business models will inevitably change. Therefore, this article explores the relationship between digital inclusive finance and urban commercial banks, explores the mechanism of their interaction, and studies the specific mechanism of digital inclusive finance on the operational performance of urban commercial banks. This will help urban commercial banks systematically use digital inclusive finance to improve their operational performance and provide suggestions for improving their own hard power development.

This article mainly adopts a combination of theoretical and empirical methods to study the impact of digital inclusive finance on the operational performance of urban commercial banks. At the theoretical level, starting from the transmission path and internal mechanism of digital inclusive finance, to reveal its impact on the operational performance of urban commercial banks; At the empirical level, this article selected panel data from 77 urban commercial banks from 2012 to 2021 as the sample for research, and drew the following conclusion: Firstly, the development of digital inclusive finance has generally suppressed the operational performance of urban commercial banks. Secondly, in the long run, the impact of digital inclusive finance on the operational performance of urban commercial banks is non-linear. Once again, the development of digital inclusive finance has a heterogeneous impact on the operational performance of urban commercial banks. Specifically, the inhibitory effect on listed urban commercial banks is smaller than that on non listed urban commercial banks; The inhibitory effect is the smallest in the eastern region, followed by the central and western regions. Finally, the non interest income ratio and cost income ratio of urban commercial banks play a partial mediating role in the impact of digital inclusive finance on the operational performance of urban commercial banks.

Therefore, this paper puts forward the following suggestions from two aspects: at the level of urban commercial banks: first, strengthen the strategic cooperation with Internet financial technology companies; Secondly, develop innovative financial products and services based on their own characteristics in a reasonable manner; Thirdly, continuously enhance and improve the risk control capabilities of digital inclusive finance business, and build a rigorous risk prevention and control system; The fourth is to vigorously cultivate a talent team with professional qualities in financial technology. At the government level, firstly, we will fully promote the construction and optimization of digital inclusive financial infrastructure; The second is to establish a regulatory mechanism that adapts to the new financial service model.