经济学院知识库

       自改革开放以来，中国经济蓬勃发展，综合国力和国际地位得到了不断提升,社会主义现代化建设方面也取得新成就，历史性的完成了消除绝对贫困的重大任务，实现了全面建成小康社会的奋斗目标。但收入分配公平和劳动收入份额不断下降等问题日益凸显，引起了党和政府的高度重视。从党的十八大到二十大，党和国家始终坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，不断推进收入分配制度改革，让现代化建设成果更多的惠及全体人民，扎实推动共同富裕的实现。当前数字经济的时代浪潮席卷各国，以宽带建设为主体的网络基础设施支撑着物联网等高新技术产业的发展，正不断加快我国数字经济和实体经济的融合进程，使其成为推动经济高质量发展的新动力。面对信息化建设与新技术的发展对经济社会带来的巨大变革，宽带网络设施的建设是否会对劳动收入份额产生影响，又将怎样影响劳动收入份额，这值得我们进行深入的研究和探讨。基于上述问题，本文使用中国A股非金融上市企业2010-2022年数据，对网络基础设施建设与劳动收入份额之间的关系进行研究。
        首先，本文系统回顾了网络基础设施和劳动收入份额现有的相关文献，引入信息不对称等理论，借鉴已有研究对网络基础设施和劳动收入份额进行概念界定，并对我国网络基础设施发展现状与劳动收入份额发展趋势进行梳理。其次，应用经济理论与相关文献分别从企业数字化转型、缓解企业融资约束等路径来分析网络基础设施建设对企业劳动收入份额的影响效应和潜在机理。最后，通过构建多时点DID模型检验网络基础设施建设对企业劳动收入份额的影响效应与潜在作用机制，并对结论进行稳健性检验，确保结论的真实性。
       通过研究发现，试点政策带动的网络基础设施建设对于企业劳动收入份额的提升具有显著的正向影响效应，且这种正向影响效应在稳健性检验后，结论依然能够成立。在影响机制上，网络基础设施建设能够推动企业数字化转型、缓解企业融资约束困境和增加就业来促进企业劳动收入份额的提升。在异质性上，对企业所有制形式与区位因素进行分组后发现：网络基础设施建设对企业劳动收入份额的影响在地理区位上具有“东部＜中部＜西部”的特点，其影响效应在非国有企业组中提升作用更加显著。
      针对上述研究结论，本文以加强新型基础设施建设为抓手，以提升劳动收入份额为目标导向，从加强新型基础设施建设，推广试点地区先进经验、推动企业数字化转型、缓解企业融资约束压力以及拓宽网络发展新空间和培育新业态等角度分别提出相应的发展建议，充分发挥网络基础设施建设对区域经济和企业发展的赋能效应，逐步提升企业劳动收入份额，促进市场消费潜力的释放和有效需求的扩大，从而推动“双循环”新发展格局的构建与共同富裕目标的实现。

      Since the beginning of reform and opening up, China's economy has flourished, its comprehensive national strength and international status have been continuously enhanced, new achievements have been made in socialist modernization, the major task of eradicating absolute poverty has been fulfilled in a historic way, and the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects has been achieved. However, problems such as the fairness of income distribution and the declining share of labor income have become increasingly prominent, and have aroused great attention from the party and the government. From the 18th to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party and the country have always adhered to the people-centered development philosophy, continuously promoted the reform of the income distribution system, made the achievements of modernization more beneficial to all the people, and solidly promoted the realization of common prosperity. At present, the wave of the digital economy is sweeping all countries, and the network infrastructure with broadband construction as the main body supports the development of high-tech industries such as the Internet of Things, and is constantly accelerating the integration process of China's digital economy and the real economy, making it a new driving force for high-quality economic development. In the face of the tremendous changes brought about by the development of informatization and new technologies to the economy and society, whether the construction of broadband network facilities will have an impact on the share of labor income and how it will affect the share of labor income is worthy of our in-depth research and discussion. Based on the above problems, this paper uses the data of China's A-share non-financial listed enterprises 
from 2010 to 2022 to study the relationship between network infrastructure construction and labor income share.
      Firstly, this paper systematically reviews the existing relevant literature on network infrastructure and labor income share, introduces the theory of information asymmetry, draws on existing research to define the concept of network infrastructure and labor income share, and sorts out the development status of network infrastructure and labor income share in China. Secondly, this paper applies economic theory and related literature to analyze the impact and potential mechanism of network infrastructure construction on the share of enterprise labor income from the paths of enterprise digital transformation and alleviation of enterprise financing constraints. Finally, a multi-time point DID model is constructed 
to test the impact and potential mechanism of network infrastructure construction on the share of labor income of enterprises, and the robustness of the conclusions is tested to ensure the authenticity of the conclusions.
       It is found that the network infrastructure construction driven by the pilot policy has a significant positive impact on the increase of the share of labor income of enterprises, and the conclusion of this positive impact effect can still be established after the robustness test. In terms of influence mechanism, network infrastructure construction can promote the digital transformation of enterprises, alleviate the dilemma of enterprise financing constraints, and increase employment to promote 
the increase of enterprises' labor income share. In terms of heterogeneity, after grouping the form of enterprise ownership and location factors, it is found that the impact of network infrastructure construction on the share of labor income of enterprises has the characteristics of "eastern       In view of the above research conclusions, this paper takes the strengthening of new infrastructure construction as the starting
point and the goal of increasing the share of labor income, and puts forward corresponding development suggestions from the perspectives of strengthening the construction of new infrastructure, promoting the advanced experience of pilot areas, promoting the digital transformation of enterprises, alleviating the pressure of enterprise financing constraints, and broadening the new space for network development and cultivating new business formats, so as to give full play to the enabling effect of network infrastructure construction on the development of regional economy and enterprises, and gradually increase the share of enterprise labor income. Promote the release of market consumption potential and the expansion of effective demand, so as to promote the construction of 
a new development pattern of "dual circulation" and the realization of the goal of common prosperity.