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农业兴方能促进农业强，农业强方能国强。全面实施乡村振兴战略、锚定建设农业强国目标，是全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现国家高质量发展的必然要求。高质量发展的最终目的是实现全体人民共同富裕。农地流转在盘活农村土地沉睡资产的同时对农民收入结构以及农民间收入差距产生的影响不容小觑。甘肃省作为我国西北地区重要的粮食产区之一，农地质量差异显著，农业经营多样化，发展特色农业的潜力较大，借助农地流转可有效盘活甘肃省农地资产，提高农地利用效率，并对农户间收入不平等产生影响。鉴于此，本文围绕甘肃省农地流转相关问题展开研究，以期为甘肃省农地流转相关政策提供理论与实证支持。

本文基于“中国家庭追踪调查”数据库中甘肃省乡村农户数据，采用倾向得分匹配法计算农地流转对不同类型农户的收入效应，在此基础上采用基尼系数法和收入分位数法分析流转前后不同类型农户的收入差距，最后采用夏普里值分析法研究影响农户收入差距的主要因素。通过本文研究，得出如下结论：（1）甘肃省具有农地流转率低、农户工资收入占比高的特点。甘肃省样本农户流转率达17.87%，非农收入占农户家庭收入的比重明显高于农副产品收入，同时在非农收入类型中，工资性收入占比最大。（2）农户农地流转的影响因素存在差异化。户主年龄和户主健康状况对农地转入有显著的负相关关系，农业经营总支出和农副产品总值对农地转入有显著的正相关关系。户主年龄、生产性固定资产与工作收入总额对农地转出有显著的正向影响，农用机械总值和农业经营总支出对农地转出有显著负向影响。（3）农地流转对不同流转类型和不同收入类型农户的增收效应不同。对不同流转户，农地流转对流转户和转出户具有增收效应，对转入户则得出相反结果。对于不同收入类型农户，农地流转对以工资性收入为主农户和以农业经营经营收入为主农户均产生正向收入效应，但对后者而言，农地流转对家庭收入效应的拉动作用更强。（4）农地流转扩大不同流转类型和不同收入类型农户间的收入差距。流转前后基尼系数均有不同程度的扩大，收入分位数法计算结果表明，农地流转可显著增加中等收入群体收入、以农业经营收入为主体中的中等收入农户和高等收入群体收入，进而使得各农户间存在收入差距。（5）农地流转对不同类型农户收入差距的贡献度存在差异。对于不同流转类型农户，农地流转相关变量对转入户收入差距的贡献度最高，对不同收入类型农户，户主家庭特征变量对农业经营收入为主农户和工资性收入为主农户的贡献度最高。

基于以上分析结果，本文认为提高农地浓转的同时缩小收入差距需要采取综合性、针对性的政策措施。（1）合理划分农地，加大投资力度，助力农地流转。（2）拓宽销售渠道，发展数字经济，增加农户家庭人均纯收入。（3）提供科技引擎，减少农业经营支出，助力农业发展。（4）加强农村人力资本投资，促进人口红利向人才红利转变。

Agricultural prosperity can promote strong agriculture, strong agriculture can make the country strong.The comprehensive implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization and the anchoring of the goal of building a strong agricultural country are the inevitable requirements for building a modern socialist powerhouse and realizing the country's high-quality development in an all-round way.The ultimate goal of high-quality development is to achieve common prosperity for all people. While revitalizing the dormant assets of rural land, the transfer of agricultural land has had a significant impact on the structure of farmers' incomes and on the income gap between farmers.Gansu Province, as one of the important grain-producing areas in the northwest of China, has significant differences in the quality of agricultural land, diversification of agricultural operations, and a greater potential for the development of specialty agriculture, with the help of agricultural land transfer can effectively revitalize the assets of agricultural land in Gansu Province, improve the efficiency of the utilization of agricultural land, and have an impact on the inequality of income among farm households.In view of this, this paper centers on the study of issues related to the transfer of agricultural land in Gansu Province, with a view to providing theoretical and empirical support for policies related to the transfer of agricultural land in Gansu Province.

Based on the data of rural households in Gansu Province in the database of "China Household Tracking Survey", this paper adopts the propensity score matching method to calculate the income effect of farmland transfer on different types of households, and on the basis of which, it adopts the Gini coefficient method and the income quartile method to analyze the income gaps of different types of households before and after the transfer, and finally, it adopts Shapley's value analysis method to study the main factors affecting the income gaps of farmers.The following conclusions are drawn from the study of this paper:（1）The sample farm households are characterized by low turnover rate and high proportion of wage income. In Gansu Province, the turnover rate of the sample farmers reaches 17.87%, and the proportion of non-farm income in the household income of farmers is significantly higher than the income from agricultural and sideline products; meanwhile, among the types of non-farm income, wage income accounts for the largest proportion.（2）There is differentiation in the factors influencing the transfer of agricultural land among the sample farmers. Age of the head of household and health status of the head of household had a significant negative effect on the transfer of agricultural land, while total expenditure on agricultural operations and total value of agricultural by-products had a significant positive effect on the transfer of agricultural land. Age of the head of household, productive fixed assets and total income from work have significant positive effects on the transfer of agricultural land, while the total value of agricultural machinery and total expenditure on agricultural operations have significant negative effects on the transfer of agricultural land.（3）The income-enhancing effects of agricultural land transfers differ for different types of transfers and for different income types of farm households. For different transferring households, the transfer of agricultural land can increase the per capita net household income of transferring households and transferring households, but reduce the per capita net household income of transferring households. For different types of income households, the transfer of agricultural land has a positive income effect on both households with wage income and households with agricultural business income, but for the latter, the transfer of agricultural land has a stronger pulling effect on household income.（4）The transfer of agricultural land widens the income gap between different types of transfer and different income types of farm households. The Gini coefficients before and after the transfer have expanded to different degrees, and the results of the income quartile method show that the transfer of agricultural land can significantly increase the income of the middle-income group, middle-income farm households with agricultural business income as the mainstay, and the income of high-income groups, which, in turn, leads to the existence of income gaps among various farm households.（5）There are differences in the contribution of agricultural land transfer to the income gap of different types of farm households. For different types of transferring farm households, the variables related to farmland transfer have the highest contribution to the income gap of transferring households, and for different types of income households, the variables of household characteristics of the head of the household have the highest contribution to the agricultural business income dominant farm households and the wage income dominant farm households.

Based on the results of the above analysis, this paper argues that comprehensive and targeted policy measures are needed to increase the concentration of agricultural land while reducing income disparities.（1）Rationalize the division of agricultural land and increase government subsidies to facilitate the transfer of agricultural land.（2）Broaden sales channels and develop the digital economy to increase the net per capita income of farming families.（3）Provide a technology engine to reduce farm business expenses and help agricultural development.（4）Strengthening investment in rural human capital and promoting the shift from a demographic dividend to a talent dividend.