金融学院知识库

金融科技这一概念诞生于上世纪90 年代，历经了三十余年的发展后，当前金融科技已经与金融业深度融合，金融科技在金融业的应用强化了金融业在服务与中介、资源配置、财富管理与信息传递等职能上发挥作用的效能，从而极大地便利了现代生产、生活活动。我国目前经济已经跃居世界第二位，我国金融行业也在这一过程中取得了长足的发展，金融业的总体量与服务人数居于世界领先水平，相较于金融行业总体的高速发展，我国普惠金融的发展则存在较多不足，由于我国经济发展在地理上不均衡，东部地区经济较为发达而中、西部地区发展则较为落后，使得我国普惠金融发展存在许多客观上的困难，中、西部地区长期以来存在金融服务覆盖广度低、金融深度不足、金融发展的普惠程度较低的问题，而在世界上的其他国家和地区金融科技与金融业的结合在解决上述问题方面已经取得了卓越的成果。研究金融科技对于普惠金融的发展的影响对于提高我国普惠金融发展水平有重要意义。

本文应用文献分析、理论分析、实证分析的模式，以全国29 个省（市、自治区）为样本，探究了金融科技发展影响普惠金融发展的机理机制。在文献分析部分，本文对国内外金融科技与普惠金融相关文献进行了梳理，将金融科技与普惠金融的概念、发展现状与测度方法进行了总结；在理论分析部分以长尾理论、信息不对称理论等为基础，探究了普惠金融发展面临的困难以及金融科技解决上述困难的机制，并提出相关研究假设；在实证分析部分本文选取了2014 年-2019 年我国金融科技发展指数与普惠金融发展水平指数作为研究样本构建模型对研究假设进行了实证分析，并提出了一些切实可行的政策建议促进我国金融科技的应用与
普惠金融的发展。

关键词：普惠金融 金融科技 网络爬虫 熵值法 GMM 模型

The concept of financial technology was born in the 90s of last century, after more than 30 years of development, the current financial technology has been deeply integrated with the financial industry, the application of financial technology in the financial industry has strengthened the financial industry in the service and intermediary, resource allocation, wealth management and information transmission and other functions of the efficiency, thus greatly facilitating modern production and life activities. China's current economy has leapt to the second place in the world, China's financial industry has also made great progress in this process, the overall volume of the financial industry and the number of people served in the world's leading level, compared with the overall rapid development of the financial industry, the development of inclusive finance in our country is more insufficient, due to China's economic development in the geographical imbalance, the eastern region of the economy is more developed and the development of the central and western regions is more backward, so that China's inclusive financial development There are many objective difficulties, medium and The western region has long had the problems of low breadth of financial services, insufficient financial depth, and low inclusiveness of financial development, while the combination of financial technology and financial industry in other countries and regions in the world has achieved outstanding results in solving the above problems. Studying the impact of
financial technology on the development of inclusive finance is of great significance to improve the development level of inclusive finance in China.

Using the models of literature analysis, theoretical analysis and empirical
analysis, this paper explores the mechanism of financial technology development affecting the development of inclusive finance in 29 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in China. In the literature analysis part, this paper sorts out the relevant literature of financial technology and inclusive finance at home and abroad, and summarizes the concept, development status and measurement methods of financial technology and inclusive finance. In the theoretical analysis part, based on information asymmetry theory and long-tail theory, the difficulties faced by the development of inclusive finance and the mechanism of financial technology to solve the above difficulties are explored, and relevant research hypotheses are put forward. In the empirical analysis part, this paper selects China's fintech development index and inclusive financial development level index from 2014 to 2019 as research samples, constructs models, empirically analyzes the research hypotheses, and puts forward some practical policy suggestions to promote the application of fintech and the development of inclusive finance in China.

Keywords: Inclusive Finance；Fin-Tech；entropy method；GMM model