信息工程与人工智能学院知识库

甘肃是丝绸之路上的关键节点，通过发展跨境电商加强与国外市场的联系，不仅呼应“一带一路”国家战略，也对推动地区经济、社会发展具有重要意义。然而，甘肃省相比其他东部省份，经济较为落后，给跨境电商发展带来很多制约因素。为推动跨境电商发展，中央和甘肃地方政府主动作为，制定和颁布了多项支持政策，对推动甘肃跨境电商产业发展具有显著作用。为进一步推动甘肃省跨境电商发展，各级政府仍需积极完善相关政策措施，从而为区域跨境电商发展提供新动力。本研究首先对中央和甘肃政府制定实施的跨境电商相关政策进行梳理，明确了跨境电商政策体系的建设情况，随后对甘肃省跨境电商从业人员进行深度访谈，运用扎根理论构建甘肃省跨境电商采纳实施的影响因素模型，最后综合以上研究，从政策视角提出甘肃省跨境电商发展的策略与建议，为区域跨境电商发展提供了理论支撑和现实指导。研究具体过程和结论如下：

（1）研究梳理了2015年1月至2022年6月间中央和甘肃地方政府颁布的138份跨境电商相关政策，运用内容分析法，从政策工具与生态系统两个维度进行编码和量化。研究发现，我国已基本构建起以引导生态群体共同发展为目的、多种政策工具综合运用促进跨境电商发展的政策体系，为跨境电商产业发展营造了良好的政策环境。但现有政策仍存在政策工具应用不平衡、生态系统完整性不高、政策执行有待完善和创新扩散能力不强等问题。

（2）通过对15位甘肃省跨境电商从业者进行深度访谈，从政策视角获取影响甘肃省跨境电商采纳实施的主要制约因素，运用扎根理论构建甘肃省跨境电商采纳实施影响因素模型，分析各因素及相互关系。研究发现，企业培育与激励、战略规划与政策、市场秩序监管、基础设施、通关与转关、国际形势与国家关系、人力资源保障、模式创新等8个因素对甘肃省跨境电商采纳实施具有重要影响，目前甘肃省跨境电商采纳实施存在的问题有：跨境电商企业培育难度大、区域战略与规划吸引力弱、市场监管有待改进、基础设施亟待完善、通关效率和货代管理不足、专业人才不足、企业外贸能力和风险意识差以及模式创新少等。

（3）综合以上研究，为促进甘肃省跨境电商发展，可以从以下方面着手完善：优化政策工具运用，完善政策体系；细化实施方案，完善政策执行保障机制；激发学习动力，促进政策创新扩散；加强政策扶持与引导，破解融资难题；紧抓战略契机，加强政策落实；引导平台合理监管，加强对跨境企业的法律服务；支持基础设施建设，扶持配套服务企业发展；提高通关效率，加强货代管理；完善人才引进政策，提高人才培育质量和能力；引导企业分散经营风险，提高外贸能力；坚持包容审慎原则，积极引导商业模式创新。

Gansu is a key node on the Silk Road. To strengthen its ties with foreign markets through the development of cross-border e-commerce not only echoes the national strategy of "The Belt and Road", but also has great significance in promoting regional economic and social development. However, compared with other eastern provinces, Gansu's economy is relatively backward, which brings many constraints to the development of cross-border e-commerce. In order to promote the development of cross-border e-commerce, the central government and the local government of Gansu have taken the initiative to formulate and issue a number of supporting policies, which have played a significant role in promoting the development of cross-border e-commerce industry in Gansu. In order to further promote the development of cross-border e-commerce in Gansu Province, governments at all levels still need to actively improve relevant policies and measures, so as to provide new impetus for the development of regional cross-border e-commerce. This study firstly sorted out the relevant policies of cross-border e-commerce formulated and implemented by the central government and Gansu Provincial government, clarified the construction of cross-border e-commerce policy system, then conducted in-depth interviews with cross-border e-commerce practitioners in Gansu Province, and used grounded theory to build a model of influencing factors for the adoption and implementation of cross-border e-commerce in Gansu Province. Finally, based on the above studies, strategies and suggestions for the development of cross-border e-commerce in Gansu Province are put forward from the perspective of policy, which provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the development of regional cross-border e-commerce. The specific research process and conclusions are as follows:

(1)The study sorted out 138 cross-border e-commerce policies issued by the central government and local government of Gansu Province from January 2015 to June 2022, and used content analysis method to encode and quantify them from two dimensions of policy tools and ecosystem. The study found that China has basically established a policy system with the purpose of guiding the common development of ecological groups and the comprehensive application of various policy tools to promote the development of cross-border e-commerce, creating a favorable policy environment for the development of cross-border e-commerce industry. However, the existing policies still have some problems, such as uneven application of policy tools, low ecosystem integrity, incomplete policy implementation and weak innovation diffusion ability.

(2)Through in-depth interviews with 15 practitioners of cross-border e-commerce in Gansu Province, major constraints affecting the adoption and implementation of cross-border e-commerce in Gansu province are obtained from the perspective of policies, and a model of influencing factors for the adoption and implementation of cross-border e-commerce in Gansu province is constructed by using grounded theory to analyze each factor and their relationship. The research finds that eight factors, namely enterprise cultivation and incentive, strategic planning and policy, market order regulation, infrastructure, customs clearance and customs transfer, international situation and national relations, human resources guarantee, and mode innovation, have an important impact on the adoption and implementation of cross-border e-commerce in Gansu Province. At present, problems existing in the adoption and implementation of cross-border e-commerce in Gansu Province are as follows: it is difficult to cultivate cross-border e-commerce enterprises, the attraction of regional strategy and planning is weak, market regulation needs to be improved, infrastructure needs to be perfected, customs clearance efficiency and freight forwarding management are insufficient, professional talents are insufficient, foreign trade ability and risk awareness of enterprises are poor, and mode innovation is less.

(3)Based on the above research, in order to promote the development of cross-border e-commerce in Gansu Province, it can be improved from the following aspects: optimize the application of policy tools and improve the policy system; refine the implementation plan and improve the policy implementation guarantee mechanism; stimulate learning motivation and promote the diffusion of policy innovation; strengthen policy support and guidance, crack the financing problem; grasp the strategic opportunity, strengthen policy implementation; guide the platform to conduct reasonable supervision and strengthen legal services for cross-border enterprises; supporting infrastructure construction and supporting the development of supporting service enterprises; improve customs clearance efficiency, strengthen the management of freight forwarders; improve the policy of talent introduction, improve the quality and ability of talent cultivation; guide enterprises to diversify business risks and improve their foreign trade capacity; adhere to the principle of inclusiveness and prudence, and actively guide business model innovation.