法学院知识库

摘要

  开放银行模式的本质是通过共享金融消费者个人信息，充分发挥信息的价值。它是与目前信息科技结合的产物，是对传统实体银行的一次创新改革，开放银行模式飞速发展的过程中带来的巨大经济利益使得各参与方得到满足，但唯独对金融消费者却有利有弊，金融消费者个人信息在此过程中难免会被泄露或是被越权利用。与开放银行对金融消费者个人信息的利用程度相比，保护力度则明显滞后。

  本文首先总结了开放银行现有的运营模式和国内外发展现状，通过分析得出开放银行的本质是金融消费者个人信息共享。其次，通过阐释开放银行模式下金融消费者个人信息共享与保护冲突关系的缘由，引出具体的冲突表现。开放银行在促进金融创新、提高效率的同时，也存在泄露、滥用金融消费者个人信息的弊端。再次，具体论述了我国开放银行模式下金融消费者个人信息的保护现状和存在的问题。具体而言，主要存在相关法律法规分散、欠缺完整体系、事前授权机制形式化严重、事中行政监管不到位、事后救济机制保障不周延等问题。最后，针对上述问题提出相应的完善建议。从总体层面，要加快完善金融消费者个人信息保护法律体系；从具体层面，从事前、事中、事后三个方面提供体系化的保护。细化事前授权机制，例如优化知情同意授权规则、完善第三方机构准入条件；强化金融消费者个人信息的行政监管，例如明确金融消费者个人信息监管主体、划分金融监管部门权责；健全金融消费者个人信息的事后解决机制，例如引入多方争端解决机制、充分发挥消费者协会保护职能。

  综上所述，本文着眼于开放银行模式发展中的信息共享与安全的冲突，力图通过对我国具体现状的分析讨论，为我国开放银行模式下金融消费者个人信息的法律保护提出完善建议，在促进金融行业高效发展的同时，顾全金融消费者的个人利益，保证社会和谐发展。

关键词：开放银行 金融消费者 个人信息 信息共享 金融消费者信息权益

Abstract

    The essence of the open banking model is to give full play to the value of the information by sharing the personal information of financial consumers. It is the product of the current information technology, is an innovation reform of traditional entity bank. Open banking model in the process of rapid development of huge economic benefits make the parties satisfied, but only for financial consumers, financial consumer personal information in the process will inevitably be leaked or be unauthorized. Compared with the use of financial consumers, the protection intensity lags behind.

    This paper first summarizes the existing operation mode of open banking and the current situation of development at home and abroad. Through analysis, the essence of open banking is the sharing of personal information of financial consumers. Secondly, by explaining the reasons for the conflict relationship between open banking financial consumer personal information sharing and protection, the specific conflict performance is introduced. While promoting financial innovation and improving efficiency, open banking also have the disadvantages of leaking and abusing the personal information of financial consumers. Thirdly, this paper discusses the current situation and existing problems of personal information protection of open banking financial consumers in China. Specifically, there are mainly problems such as dispersion of relevant laws and regulations, lack of complete system, serious formalization of the authorization mechanism in advance, inadequate administrative supervision in the process, and poor delay of the relief mechanism after the event. Finally, some suggestions are made to improve the above problems. From the general level, it is necessary to improve the legal system of financial consumers' personal information protection, and to provide systematic protection from three aspects: before, during and after the event. Refine the prior authorization mechanism, such as optimizing the informed consent authorization rules and improving the access conditions of third-party institutions; strengthen the administrative supervision of financial consumers 'personal information, such as clarifying the regulatory subject of financial consumers and dividing the rights and responsibilities of financial regulatory departments; improve the post-settlement mechanism of financial consumers' personal information, such as introducing the multi-party dispute settlement mechanism and giving full play to the protection function of consumer association.

    To sum up, this paper focuses on the open banking model in the development of information sharing and security conflict, tries to analyze and discuss the specific situation of our country, put forward perfect Suggestions for the opening bank mode financial consumer personal information legal protection, in promoting the development of the financial industry efficient at the same time, all the financial consumers' personal interests, ensure the harmonious development of society.

Keywords: Open banking; Financial consumer; Personal information; Information sharing; Financial consumer information rights and interests