统计与数据科学学院知识库

       在“双碳”目标下，新基建的提出为经济高效、绿色低碳发展提供了一条新的路径。为响应“十四五”号召，加强新型基础设施建设，加快推进“双碳”目标的实现，围绕着新基建对碳全要素生产率的影响这一主题展开研究。首先，基于新基建与碳全要素生产率的发展背景及相关文献进行归纳梳理，提出所要研究的问题。其次，从多方面界定了新基建与碳全要素生产率的相关概念，并分析了新基建对碳全要素生产率的影响及可能存在的机制。基于中国2006-2020年省份面板数据，使用非期望产出—超效率SBM模型结合全局GML(Globe Malmquist-Luenberger)指数测算碳全要素生产率增长率，并将其分解为技术进步与技术效率指数。根据得出的结果，从多角度对碳全要素生产率的时空演变进行分析。结合理论构建面板双固定模型，实证分析了新基建对碳全要素生产率的影响。进一步从信息基建、创新基建及融合基建三方面，分析不同类型新基建对碳全要素生产率的作用强度，并对模型进行区域异质性分析。在机制分析中，将产业升级、技术创新及资源配置作为中介变量，探究新基建对碳全要素生产率的影响路径。通过稳健性及内生性检验，进一步验证新基建对碳全要素生产率的影响。通过上述研究，提出可行性建议。

       得出以下结论：（1）全国总体碳全要素生产率水平不断升高，技术进步的增长速度大于碳全要素生产率增长速度，是碳全要素生产率的主要动力源泉；东部地区与中西部地区碳全要素生产率存在差异，且差异不断增加。（2）新基建能够促进碳全要素生产率水平的提高，即能促进技术进步，又能提高技术效率，双重驱动碳全要素生产率水平的提高；信息基建、创新基建、融合基建对碳全要素生产率的影响均表现出显著的促进作用。（3）东部地区新基建对碳全要素生产率有显著的促进作用，中西部地区新基建对碳生产率的影响不显著。（4）新基建能够通过产业结构升级、技术创新、资源配置效率优化这三条路径提高碳全要素生产率水平；产业结构升级对碳全要素生产率的促进作用主要取决于技术进步，而技术创新与资源配置效率则体现在促进碳全要素生产率的技术效率的提高。

      Under the "double carbon" goal, the proposal of new infrastructure provides a new path for economic, efficient, green and low-carbon development.In response to the call of the "Fourteenth Five Year Plan", to strengthen the construction of new infrastructure and accelerate the realization of the "double carbon" goal, research was carried out around the theme of the impact of new infrastructure on total factor carbon productivity.First of all, the relevant literature on new infrastructure and carbon total factor productivity is summarized and reviewed, and the issues to be studied are proposed.Secondly, it defines the concepts related to new infrastructure and total carbon factor productivity, and analyzes the impact of new infrastructure on total carbon factor productivity and possible mechanisms.Based on the provincial panel data of China from 2006 to 2020, the nonperiodic output super efficiency SBM model combined with the global GML (Globe Malmquist Lounberger) index is used to measure the growth rate of carbon total factor productivity, and it is decomposed into technical progress and technical efficiency indexes.According to the results obtained, the spatial-temporal evolution of total factor productivity of carbon is analyzed from multiple perspectives.Based on the theory, a panel double fixed model is constructed to empirically analyze the impact of new infrastructure on total factor carbon productivity.Further, from three aspects of information infrastructure, innovation infrastructure and integration infrastructure, analyze the impact intensity of different types of new infrastructure on total factor carbon productivity, and analyze the regional heterogeneity of the model.In the mechanism analysis, industrial upgrading, technological innovation and resource allocation are used as intermediary variables to explore the impact path of new infrastructure on total carbon factor productivity.Through robustness and endogenous tests, further verify the impact of new infrastructure on total factor carbon productivity.Based on the above research, feasible suggestions are put forward.

     The following conclusions are drawn:(1) The overall level of total carbon factor productivity across the country is rising, and the growth rate of technological progress is faster than that of total carbon factor productivity, which is the main source of carbon total factor productivity; There are differences in total carbon factor productivity between the eastern region and the central and western regions, and the differences are increasing.(2) The new infrastructure can promote the improvement of total carbon factor productivity, which can not only promote technological progress, but also improve technical efficiency, and double drive the improvement of total carbon factor productivity; The impact of information infrastructure, innovation infrastructure and integration infrastructure on total factor carbon productivity has shown a significant role in promoting.(3) The new infrastructure in the eastern region has a significant role in promoting total factor carbon productivity, while the new infrastructure in the central and western regions has no significant impact on carbon productivity.(4) New infrastructure can improve carbon total factor productivity through three paths: industrial structure upgrading, technological innovation, and resource allocation efficiency optimization; The promotion effect of industrial structure upgrading on carbon total factor productivity mainly depends on technological progress, while technological innovation and resource allocation efficiency are reflected in the improvement of technological efficiency in promoting carbon total factor productivity.