国际经济与贸易学院知识库

农产品流通领域是消费者和农产品之间的桥梁，它体现为在流通过程中，提高农产品流通效率对大力发展中国农业现代化至关重要。党的十九大报告指出，我国做出“实施乡村振兴战略”的伟大决策部署，把乡村振兴战略列为中国新时代“三农”建设的新旗帜、总抓手。十九届五中全会以来，我国也不断强调要大力发展农业农村，促进乡村振兴，加快农村现代化的实现，我国在2021年出台了“三农”一号文件，由此可以看出，我国对“三农”问题的高度关注。在数字化的大背景下，我国要加快数字经济的发展步伐，促进大数据、互联网和人工智能等与我国实体经济深度融合，明确把乡村数字化作为乡村振兴的发展方向，大力发展农业数字化，以更好地实现乡村振兴。在这背景之下，研究数字经济发展对农产品流通效率的影响具有现实和理论双重意义。

本文先查阅文献资料，分别说明了我国数字经济和农产品流通效率的发展，以此为基础对数字经济、农产品流通效率等概念进行了归纳总结，探讨相关理论基础。然后从成本节约效应、渠道整合效应和创新效应等方面探讨了数字经济影响农产品流通效率的作用机理，对理论基础的分析进行了补充和完善。在实证分析部分，首先建立数字经济发展水平的综合指标体系，采用主成分分析法对我国数字经济发展水平进行测度。运用投入产出法构建出农产品流通效率指标，并用DEA方法对其进行测算。最后，数字经济发展水平作为解释变量，农产品流通效率作为被解释变量，并加入其它对农产品的流通效率可能会产生影响的因素作为控制变量，构建面板模型，考察数字经济对我国农产品流通效率产生的影响。

实证结果表明：1.总体可以得出我国数字经济在10年间呈现出逐年上升的趋势。分地区来看，各地区之间呈现出非均衡发展态势，我国东部地区数字经济增长最快，与其他区域及全国平均水平比较均较高；我国中部地区数字经济发展较高，且比全国平均水平略高；数字经济在西部地区发展速度最慢且低于全国平均水平，我国数字经济由东部地区向西部地区不断减缓的发展趋势。2.我国农产品流通效率总体上处于不断提高的趋势。从区域上看，我国农产品流通效率东部地区最高，中部地区次之，西部地区最低。3.数字经济的发展可以提升我国农产品流通效率的快速发展。对外开放程度、劳动力素质对农产品流通效率具有促进作用。从地区来看，东、中和西部地区数字经济均能推动本地区农产品流通效率的发展。

The circulation field of agricultural products is the bridge between consumers and agricultural products, which is reflected in the circulation process of agricultural products. Improving the circulation efficiency of agricultural products is very important to vigorously develop China's agricultural modernization. The report to the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China points out that China has made a great decision and plan to implement the rural revitalization strategy and listed the rural revitalization strategy as a new banner and key to China's development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in the new era. Since the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, China has constantly emphasized the need to vigorously develop agriculture and rural areas, promote rural revitalization, and accelerate the realization of rural modernization. In 2021, China issued the No. 1 document "Agriculture, rural areas", which can be seen that China pays great attention to the issues of "agriculture, rural areas". Under the background of digitalization, China should speed up the development of digital economy, promote the deep integration of big data, Internet and artificial intelligence with the real economy, clearly regard rural digitalization as the development direction of rural revitalization, and vigorously develop agricultural digitalization to better realize rural revitalization. In this context, it is of both practical and theoretical significance to study the influence of the development of digital economy on the circulation efficiency of agricultural products.

This paper first reviews literature, then explains the development of digital economy and agricultural circulation efficiency. Based on this, it summarizes the concepts of digital economy, agricultural circulation efficiency and so on, and discusses the relevant theoretical basis. Then, from the aspects of cost saving effect, channel integration effect and innovation effect, this paper discusses the effect mechanism of digital economy on the circulation efficiency of agricultural products, and supplements and improves the analysis of theoretical basis. In the empirical analysis part, we first establish a comprehensive index system of the development level of digital economy and measure the development level of our country by using principal component analysis method. The index of circulation efficiency of agricultural products is constructed by input-output method and measured by DEA method. Finally, development level of digital economy is taken as the explanatory variable, circulation efficiency of agricultural products is taken as the explained variable, and other factors that may affect circulation efficiency of agricultural products are taken as the control variable. Panel model is constructed to investigate the impact of digital economy on circulation efficiency of agricultural products in our country.

The empirical results show that: 1. It can be concluded that the digital economy of our country has shown an increasing trend year by year during the decade. The digital economy in the eastern part of China has the fastest growth, which is higher than that in other regions and the national average level. The development of digital economy in Chinese central region is higher and slightly higher than the national average. The digital economy in the western region develops at the slowest rate and is lower than the national average level. The development trend of the digital economy in China is slowing down from the eastern region to the western region. 2. The overall circulation efficiency of agricultural products is under the increasing trend. Regionally, circulation efficiency of agricultural products is highest in the eastern region, followed by the central region, and lowest in the western region. 3. The development of digital economy can promote the rapid development of the circulation efficiency of agricultural products. The degree of opening to the outside world and the quality of labor force can promote the circulation efficiency of agricultural products. Regionally, digital economy can promote the development of circulation efficiency of agricultural products in the east, middle and west regions.