会计学院知识库

       畜禽养殖业在农业的发展中一直扮演着重要的角色，始终与人们的日常生活 密不可分。进入新世纪以来，畜禽养殖业在生产与经营方面都取得阶段性进展， 同时为迎合加快的城市化步伐，现代化、标准化的改善方向也逐步被提上日程， 在此，企业运营模式的选择就显得愈发重要。现如今的市场经济体制下，越来越 多的畜禽养殖类企业开启转型之路，尝试向轻资产运营模式转型以期长远发展， 该模式通过占据核心环节，利用低投资获取高回报。但是，在看到优点的同时也 应认识到其存在的弊端，由于分离出重资产，使固定资产份额减少，企业的抗风 险能力也随之下降，此外，因生产环节外包，难以形成对产品质量的严格把控， 也会造成产品质量风险。因此，为减弱轻资产运营模式的自身风险，若企业能构 建出精准的财务风险预警体系，对财务状况实施预警，将会使企业健康持续发展。

       作为畜禽养殖类行业的代表性企业，温氏股份首创“公司+农户”的轻资产 运营模式并占据足额市场，因此，以其为研究对象，具有行业示范作用。文章在 国内外相关研究文献的基础上，运用熵值法与改进的功效系数法相结合的方式为 其构建财务风险预警体系。首先根据畜禽养殖类行业风险与企业内部风险两方面 对温氏股份财务风险进行识别，通过选取温氏股份 2017-2021年间的财务数据，找出发展过程中存在的财务风险。再从财务风险的四个角度评价其风险状况，结合企业实际经营情况，提出具体的财务风险防范对策。最终研究结论为，温氏股份五年来虽财务风险较小，但企业运营却一直处于不良状态，因此应当积极寻求多渠道融资方式，对运营模式做出改善，完善现有投资体系，实现可持续性发展。

      Livestock and poultry industry has been playing an important role in the development of agriculture, and has always been inseparable from People's Daily life. Since the beginning of the new century, the livestock and poultry industry has made progress in production and management. At the same time, in order to meet the accelerated pace of urbanization, the improvement direction of modernization and standardization has been gradually put on the agenda. Here, the choice of enterprise operation mode becomes more and more important. Under the current market economy system, more and more livestock and poultry enterprises start the road of transformation and try to transform to the asset-light operation mode for long-term development. This mode can obtain high returns by occupying the core link and using low investment. However, while seeing the advantages, we should also recognize its disadvantages. As the share of fixed assets decreases due to the separation of heavy assets, the enterprise's anti-risk ability also decreases. In addition, due to the outsourcing of production links, it is difficult to form strict control of product quality, which will also cause product quality risks. Therefore, in order to reduce the risk of the asset-light operation mode, if the enterprise can build a precise financial risk early warning system and implement early warning for the financial situation, it will enable the healthy and sustainable development of the enterprise.

      As a representative enterprise in livestock and poultry breeding industry, WFG pioneered the asset-light operation mode of "company + farmer" and occupied the full market. Therefore, taking WFG as the research object, it has the exemplary role in the industry. On the basis of relevant literatures at home and abroad, this paper uses the combination of entropy method and improved efficiency coefficient method to build a financial risk early warning system. First of all, the financial risks of the company are identified according to the risks of the livestock and poultry industry and the internal risks of the company. By selecting the financial data of the company from 2017 to 2021, the financial risks in the development process are found out. Then from the four angles of financial risk evaluation of its risk situation, combined with the actual business situation of the enterprise, put forward specific financial risk prevention countermeasures. The final research conclusion is that, although the financial risk of WFG is small in the past five years, the enterprise operation has been in a bad state. Therefore, we should actively seek multichannel financing, improve the operation model, perfect the existing investment system, and achieve sustainable development.