统计与数据科学学院知识库

摘  要

  随着现代信息技术、大数据、人工智能与云计算的快速更新与发展，数字经济已经成为经济高速发展的关键驱动力。从2016年开始，我国相关部门开始重视数字经济的发展，出台了一系列文件，大力建设数字乡村、数字中国。江西省电子信息产业蓬勃发展、传统产业众多，2022年发布《江西省农业农村数字经济发展白皮书（2022）》，江西省在发展数字经济有着夯实的基础、广阔的前景和良好的发展环境。我国目前并没有一套完整的、精确的数字经济发展水平测度指标体系，在这样的情况下，我们对于数字经济的衡量标准难以把控。正确衡量数字经济发展水平，有利于深入了解数字经济发展状况及发展中存在的问题，更好地为数字经济的发展决策的制定提供理论依据。

  本文结合其数字经济发展的实际情况，建立综合测度指标体系，以江西省数字经济发展的状况与问题进行分析。首先本文介绍我国“信息经济”到“互联网经济”最终到“数字经济”的演变和发展过程。梳理国内外机构和学者对于数字经济的研究，最终本文将数字经济定义为消费者、企业和政府通过互联网和数字化融合，依靠数字技术完成交易的活动。在上述基础上，建立了数字经济发展水平测度指标体系。并使用CRITIC权重法和熵值法结合得到权重。然后以江西省为实证，分析江西省数字经济发展状况。最后根据地理位置将江西省分为赣北、赣中和赣南三个地区，运用变异系数、空间基尼指数和泰尔指数解释其数字经济区域差异及结构特征。

  研究结果发现，江西省数字经济方面的人才建设速度已经跟不上数字企业发展速度，一定程度上阻碍了数字经济的发展，全省数字经济发展不平衡，赣北区域贡献率明显比其他地区高；区域内差异贡献率比区域间高；融合应用和发展环境维度更为明显。本文提出政府发挥引导作用，依托南昌等先发优势，培育数字经济示范区，带动落后地区发展数字经济，并且与企业共同建立人才引进制度和培养制度，补充数字经济的人才缺口。

关键词：江西省  数字经济  水平测度  区域差异

Abstract

  With the rapid updating and development of modern information technology, big data, artificial intelligence, and cloud computing, the digital economy has become a key driving force for rapid economic development. Since 2016, relevant departments in China have begun to attach importance to the development of the digital economy, and have issued a series of documents to vigorously build a digital village and a digital China. The electronic information industry in Jiangxi Province is booming and there are many traditional industries. In 2022, the White Paper on the Development of Agricultural and Rural Digital Economy in Jiangxi Province (2022) was issued. Jiangxi Province has a solid foundation, broad prospects, and a good development environment in developing the digital economy. Currently, China does not have a complete and accurate indicator system for measuring the development level of the digital economy. Under such circumstances, it is difficult for us to control the measurement standards of the digital economy. Correctly measuring the development level of the digital economy is conducive to in-depth understanding of the development status and problems in the development of the digital economy, and better providing theoretical basis for decision-making in the development of the digital economy.

  This article combines the actual situation of its digital economy development, establishes a comprehensive measurement index system, and analyzes the status and problems of Jiangxi's digital economy development. Firstly, this article introduces the evolution and development process from "information economy" to "internet economy" and finally to "digital economy" in China. Summarize the research of domestic and foreign institutions and scholars on the digital economy. Finally, this article defines the digital economy as an activity where consumers, enterprises, and governments rely on digital technology to complete transactions through the integration of the Internet and digital technology. On the basis of the above, a measurement index system for the development level of the digital economy has been established. The weight is obtained using a combination of CRITIC weight method and entropy method. Then take Jiangxi Province as an example to analyze the development of digital economy in Jiangxi Province. Finally, according to geographical location, Jiangxi Province is divided into three regions: northern Jiangxi, middle Jiangxi, and southern Jiangxi. The regional differences and structural characteristics of its digital economy are explained using coefficient of variation, spatial Gini index, and Thiel index.

  The research results show that the speed of talent construction in the digital economy of Jiangxi Province has not kept pace with the development of digital enterprises, which has hindered the development of the digital economy to some extent. The development of the digital economy in the province is uneven, and the contribution rate of the northern Jiangxi region is significantly higher than that of other regions; The contribution rate of intra regional differences is higher than that of inter regional differences; The integration of application and development environment dimensions is more evident. This article proposes that the government should play a guiding role, rely on Nanchang and other first-mover advantages, cultivate digital economy demonstration areas, drive backward areas to develop the digital economy, and jointly establish talent introduction and training systems with enterprises to supplement the talent gap in the digital economy.

Key words: Jiangxi Province；Digital economy；Horizontal measure；Regional differences