经济学院知识库

乡村振兴战略是党和国家提出的推动农业农村现代化、促进广大农村地区发展的重大战略。产业兴旺是乡村振兴的重点，乡村产业振兴是解决农村问题的出发点和前提。我国数字经济体量大、发展势头强劲，已成为我国经济发展新的动力源。乡村产业振兴需要构建完备的乡村生产经营体系，而数字经济的平稳健康发展为传统产业的现代化转型和数字化变革提供了契机和发展空间。引导数字经济赋能乡村产业发展不仅有利于做优做强做大数字经济，而且对于提升乡村产业的信息化程度、助推乡村振兴具有重要意义。

数字经济是推动生产力跃升的重要引擎，具有高创新性、强渗透性和广覆盖性的特征。首先，在理论研究中从农业农村农民三个角度论证数字经济对乡村产业振兴的促进作用：数字经济赋能乡村产业数字化、提高全要素生产率；数字经济促进农村产业多向融合、推动融合模式持续创新；数字经济提升农民的人力资本、培养新型农业经营主体。其次，在理论分析的基础上构建了乡村产业振兴和数字经济评价指标体系，采用熵权法测度了2011-2020年我国31个省份的乡村产业振兴指数和数字经济指数，指数结果显示我国乡村产业处于较低水平，各地区之间乡村产业发展差距不明显而数字经济发展差异较大。引入企业数量、人口结构和人力资本三个控制变量，选择双向固定效应模型验证数字经济对乡村产业振兴的促进作用。数字经济指数的回归系数为0.2206，在1%的水平下显著，表明数字经济对乡村产业振兴有显著的促进作用，体现在生产方式高效、第一产业增产、提高农业的抗风险能力三个方面。在稳健性检验中，采用数字化程度指数和1984年省级固定电话数量作为工具变量、主成分分析法测度乡村产业振兴指数替换被解释变量两种方法，回归之后数字经济指数仍然显著为正。在对东中西各地区回归时发现，数字经济的促进作用在东部与西部显著，在中部地区则不明显。25%和75%的分位数回归表明，在乡村产业发展水平较高的地区，数字经济的促进作用更明显。最后，在实证研究的基础上，提出了建设数字乡村、为完善乡村产业体系奠定基础，改善乡村产业生产方式、盘活农村生产要素以及发展农村经济和农村产业等对策建议。

The rural revitalization strategy is a major strategy proposed by the Party and the state to promote the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and promote the development of rural areas. Industrial prosperity is the focus of rural revitalization, and rural industrial revitalization is the starting point and premise of solving rural problems. China's digital economy has a large volume and a strong development momentum, and it has become a new power source for China's economic development. Rural revitalization needs to build a complete rural production and management system and extend the industrial chain, and the steady and healthy development of digital economy provides opportunities and development space for the modernization transformation and digital transformation of traditional industries. Guiding the digital economy to empower and empower rural industries is not only conducive to making the digital economy better, stronger and bigger, but also of great significance to improving the informatization degree of rural industries and boosting rural revitalization.

Digital economy is an important engine to boost productivity, and it is also a catalyst to improve production relations. It has the characteristics of high innovation, strong permeability and wide coverage. First of all, in the theoretical research, it demonstrates the role of digital economy in promoting rural industrial revitalization from three angles of agriculture and rural farmers: The digital economy empowers rural industries to digitize and improve total factor productivity; The digital economy promotes the multi-directional integration of rural industries and promotes the continuous innovation of integration mode; The digital economy enhances farmers' human capital and cultivates new agricultural business entities. Secondly, on the basis of theoretical analysis, the evaluation index system of rural industrial revitalization and digital economy is constructed, and the rural industrial revitalization index and digital economy index of 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020 are measured by entropy weight method. The index results show that China's rural industries are at a low level, and the development gap of rural industries among different regions is not obvious, but the development of digital economy is quite different. This paper introduces three control variables: the number of enterprises, population structure and human capital, and selects a two-way fixed effect model to verify the promotion of digital economy to rural industrial revitalization. The regression coefficient of the digital economy index is 0.2206, which is significant at the level of 1%, indicating that the digital economy has a significant role in promoting rural industrial revitalization, reflected in three aspects: efficient production methods, increased production in the primary industry and improved risk resistance of agriculture. In the robustness test, the digital degree index and the number of provincial fixed telephones in 1984 are used as tool variables, and the principal component analysis method is used to measure the rural industrial revitalization index to replace the explained variables. After the regression, the digital economy index is still significantly positive. When returning to the eastern, central and western regions, it is found that the promotion of digital economy is obvious in the eastern and western regions, but not in the central region. The quantile regression of 25% and 75% shows that the promotion effect of digital economy is more obvious in areas with high level of rural industry development. Finally, based on empirical research, policy recommendations were proposed for building digital villages, laying the foundation for improving the rural industrial system, improving rural industrial production methods, revitalizing rural production factors, and developing rural economy and industries.