经济学院知识库

健康是人力资本的重要组成部分，良好的健康水平会提升个人生活质量，促进劳动供给。女性是家庭的坚实后盾和推动经济社会发展的基本力量，《中国妇女发展纲要（2021-2030）》明确提出妇女健康发展目标，尤其是进入数字技术时代，在如何利用科技强化女性健康服务方面指明了发展方向。

本文通过梳理国内外文献，在人力资本理论、健康资本需求理论、补偿性互联网使用理论和压力认知评价理论的支撑下，对互联网使用与女性健康的影响进行多角度分析。研究选取2016年和2018年中国劳动力动态调查数据，考察互联网使用对女性主观健康（自评健康、情绪、身体疼痛）和客观健康（病伤和是否住院）的影响。研究发现：互联网使用对女性自评健康、情绪、身体疼痛和是否住院均存在显著的直接影响，但对病伤的直接影响不显著，该结果通过了OProbit模型边际效应和稳健性检验。在异质性方面，探究了互联网使用对女性健康各指标在年龄、户籍、地区、工时、年份方面的异质性。在影响机制上，分别采用依次递归三步法和Bootstrap检验两种方法进行健康投资和工作压力的中介效应检验。

基于上述研究，本文提出以下三点政策建议：第一，加强互联网健康信息平台的构建。第二，提高互联网普及率，缩小互联网使用的城乡、年龄和区域差距，消除数字鸿沟。第三，对于互联网技术深度嵌入的公司，构建有利于缓解工作压力的资源。

Health is an important component of human capital，and good health improves individuals' quality of life and labor supply. Women are the solid support of families and the basic force driving economic and social development. The Program for the Development of Chinese Women (2021-2030) clearly sets out the goals for the development of women's health. In particular，in the era of digital technology，it points out the development direction of how to use science and technology to strengthen women's health services.

By combing domestic and foreign literature，this paper analyzes the impact of Internet use on women's health from multiple perspectives under the support of Human capital theory，health capital demand theory，compensatory Internet use theory and stress cognitive evaluation theory. The study selected data from the China Labor Dynamics Survey in 2016 and 2018 to investigate the effects of Internet use on women's subjective health (self-rated health，emotional health，physical pain) and objective health (illness and injury and hospitalization). The study found that Internet use had significant direct effects on women's self-rated health，mood，physical pain and whether they were hospitalized，but had no significant direct effects on illness and injury. The results passed the marginal effect and robustness test of OProbit model. In terms of heterogeneity，the authors explored the effects of Internet use on the heterogeneity of female health indicators in terms of age，household registration，region，working hours and year. In terms of influencing mechanism，two methods of sequential recursive three-step method and Bootstrap test were used to test the mediating effect of health investment and work stress respectively.

Based on the above research，this paper puts forward the following three suggestions：First，strengthen the construction of the Internet health information platform. Second，increase Internet penetration，narrow urban-rural，age and regional disparities in Internet use，and eliminate the digital divide. Third，for companies deeply embedded in Internet technology，build resources conducive to relieving work pressure.