经济学院知识库

     自2020年以来，碳达峰、碳中和受到党和国家的高度关注。制造业是立国之本、强国之基，是国家经济命脉所系，实现“中国制造”向“中国智造”再到“绿色低碳”的转型升级，是“双碳”背景下我国制造业发展的必经之路。对此，陕西省积极响应国家号召，大力推进陕西制造业的绿色转型、低碳升级。但是，全省目前依旧存在产业结构偏重、能源结构偏煤、碳排放强度偏高等诸多问题。本文立足陕西省制造业发展实情，深入探究“双碳”目标背景下陕西省制造业发展中存在的问题及面临的困境，为实现绿色低碳陕西制造，助推陕西省“双碳”工作的顺利进行具有重要意义。 

      在此背景下，本文认真梳理了有关碳达峰、碳中和以及制造业转型升级的学术研究成果，发现在碳达峰、碳中和背景下对制造业转型升级的研究较少，为论 文写作找到新的切入点。基于此，对碳达峰、碳中和以及制造业、制造业转型升 级相关概念进行阐述，并分别从政治经济学、西方经济学的角度进行理论梳理，为文章的后续研究做好理论铺垫。以陕西省制造业发展历程为出发点，从创新、 绿色、经济质效以及产业结构等角度分析陕西省制造业发展现状，结合“双碳” 背景，论述陕西省制造业转型升级的必要性。以数据为有力支撑，分别从经济质 效、创新化、绿色化、智能化和网络化5个方面建立测度陕西省制造业转型升级 水平的指标体系，并对其进行综合评价分析。发现从2013-2019年，陕西省制造 业转型升级水平呈上升趋势，其中在2019年综合得分较往年明显提升，2019年综合得分0.6028是2013年的近十倍，这与陕西省在十三五期间不断狠抓高端设备、电子信息、汽车、现代化工、新材料和生物医药六大支柱产业密不可分。但是，在“双碳”目标背景下，依旧存在传统“高碳”制造业占据主导地位、新兴“低碳”制造业尚未充分发展、制造业创新化赋能绿色化有待加强三大现实困境。对此，本文提出需要依托绿色政策支持引导以不断优化制造业产业格局，同时建立健全市场监管和宣传，以创新驱动发展绿色制造，提高制造业的资源和能源利用效率，推动陕西制造走内涵式、集约式、绿色化的高质量发展新路子。

    Since 2020, carbon peaking and carbon neutrality have received great attention from the party and the state. The manufacturing industry is the foundation of a country, the foundation of a strong country, and the lifeline of the country's economy. To realize the transformation and upgrading from "Made in China" to "Made in China" and then to "Green and Low Carbon" is the key to my country's manufacturing industry under the background of "Double Carbon". The only way to develop. In this regard, Shaanxi Province actively responded to the national call and vigorously promoted the green transformation and low-carbon upgrading of Shaanxi's manufacturing industry. However, there are still many problems in the province, such as heavy industrial structure, coal-biased energy structure, and high carbon emission intensity. Based on the actual situation of the manufacturing industry in Shaanxi Province, this article deeply explores the problems and difficulties in the development of the manufacturing industry in Shaanxi Province under the background of the "double carbon" target.It is important to go smoothly .

   In this context, this paper carefully sorts out the academic research results on carbon peaking, carbon neutrality, and manufacturing transformation and upgrading, and finds that there are few researches on manufacturing transformation and upgrading under the background of carbon peaking, carbon neutrality. Writing finds new entry points. Based on this, the related concepts of carbon peaking, carbon neutrality, manufacturing, and manufacturing transformation and upgrading are expounded, and theories are sorted out from the perspectives of political economy and Western economics, so as to lay a theoretical foundation for the follow-up research of the article. Taking the development history of manufacturing industry in Shaanxi Province as the starting point, this paper analyzes the development status of manufacturing industry in Shaanxi Province from the perspectives of innovation, green, economic quality and efficiency, and industrial structure. With data as a strong support, an index system for measuring the transformation and upgrading level of manufacturing industry in Shaanxi Province is established from five aspects of economic quality and efficiency, innovation, greening, intelligence and networking, and a comprehensive evaluation and analysis is carried out. It was found that from 2013 to 2019, the level of transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry in Shaanxi Province showed an upward trend, and the comprehensive score in 2019 was significantly higher than in previous years. During this period, the six pillar industries of high-end equipment, electronic information, automobile, modern chemical industry, new materials and biomedicine are inseparable. However, under the background of the "dual carbon" goal, there are still three major practical difficulties: the traditional "high-carbon" manufacturing industry dominates, the emerging"low-carbon" manufacturing industry has not yet fully developed, and the innovation, empowerment and greening of the manufacturing industry needs to be strengthened. In this regard, this paper proposes that it is necessary to rely on the support and guidance of green policies to continuously optimize the industrial structure of the manufacturing industry, and at the same time establish and improve market supervision and publicity, drive the development of green manufacturing with innovation, improve the resource and energy utilization efficiency of the manufacturing industry, and promote the connotation of manufacturing in Shaanxi. A new path of high-quality development that is comprehensive, intensive, and green.