商务传媒学院知识库

摘 要

新闻是连接过去与当下的媒介，“昨天的历史，今天的新闻”，集体记忆并不是一个既定的概念，而是一个被不断建构着的动态过程，在这一建构的过程中媒介起到至关重要的作用。大众媒介的普遍性和权威性如同洪亮的钟声一样回荡在人嘈杂的脑海中，媒介所传播的内容即使不去刻意关注，也依然能够在记忆深处留下蛛丝马迹，而媒介作为存储和传播内容的工具能够影响集体记忆的建构及其结果。

基于此，本文选取新闻媒介作为载体，分别对以文字为主的报刊媒体和新兴的短视频新闻两种方式，选取2022年北京冬奥会相关报道，在探究基础理论的前提下，使用内容分析法、文本分析法，旨在通过分析报道的内容对2022年北京冬奥会媒体建构集体记忆的过程进行研究，包括分析报道数量、报道主题、形态类别、涉及对象等方面，展现了2022北京冬奥会的人物记忆、事件记忆、空间记忆，分别归纳了在建构集体记忆方面两种形式的特征，并探究出了两种媒介形式在建构北京冬奥会集体记忆的过程中存在一致路径，即利用好符号形象、将空间作为加深记忆的手段、将人物“神化”、通过寻找到人们脑海里潜藏着的历史记忆，与其联结来加深现有的记忆，最终都走向了通过激发民族认同感来积淀深厚的价值记忆，通过这一套路径，记忆由浅入深最终刻进人们的心中，留下永不消磨的痕迹。

2022北京冬奥会已然画上了完美的句号，但新闻媒体塑造和刻画的记忆却在人们脑海中不朽，了解媒体建构的特征和过程能够有助于新闻媒体在下一次集体记忆的建构中更好的发挥优势和主导地位。

Abstract

News is a medium connecting the past and the present. "Yesterday's history is today's news", collective memory is not a defined concept, but a dynamic process that is constantly being constructed. In this process, the media plays a vital role. The universality and authority of the mass media reverberate in the noisy mind like a loud bell. Even if the content transmitted by the media does not pay attention to it, it can still leave clues in the deep of memory. As a tool for storing and spreading the content, Through different contact ways to influence the construction of collective memory and its results.

Based on this, this paper selects the news media as the carrier, the text-based newspaper media and the emerging short-form video news respectively, and selects the reports related to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. On the premise of exploring the basic theory, using the content analysis method and text analysis method, the paper aims to study the process of constructing collective memory of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics media by analyzing the content of the reports, including analyzing The study aims to analyze the process of constructing collective memory for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games by analyzing the content of the reports, including the number of reports, the themes of the reports, the types of forms and the objects involved, showing the memory of people, the memory of events and the memory of space for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. The two forms of media have the same path in constructing the collective memory of the Beijing Winter Olympics, namely using symbolic images, using space as a means to deepen memories, "deifying" characters, and deepening existing memories by finding the latent historical memories in people's minds and linking them to them, which eventually lead to the accumulation of deep value memories by stimulating national identity.

The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics has drawn to a perfect end, but the memories shaped and portrayed by the news media are immortalized in people's minds. Understanding the characteristics and processes of media construction can help the news media better play an advantageous and dominant role in the construction of the next collective memory.