国际经济与贸易学院知识库

交通基础设施是一种为保证社会生产和居民生活正常运行的公共服务系统，不仅在提供基础服务过程中承担着人力物力互联互通的重要作用，而且与区域产业结构的转型升级形成良性互动。自改革开放以来，我国交通基础设施建设发展迅速，成果显著。但不同地区之间覆盖率差异明显，尤其是东部与中西部地区之间相差巨大。因而一直以来，交通基础设施对区域产业结构转型升级的影响是社会各界持续关注的热点问题。

本文依据上述背景并通过研究相关文献，概括出交通基础设施对产业结构转型升级的影响效果和空间特征。实证部分利用2000—2019年的省级面板数据，探究交通基础设施对产业结构转型升级的影响，并得出如下结论：

• 交通基础设施建设加快了各种产品和生产要素的空间转移和流动速度，加剧产业集聚和专业化分工，对产业结构转型升级具有明显的促进作用，但邻近地区交通基础设施建设对本地区产业结构转型升级的促进作用不显著。同时交通基础设施对产业结构合理化的促进作用大于其对产业结构高级化的促进作用。

第二，交通基础设施对我国不同地区产业结构转型升级的影响存在显著差异，具有区域异质性特征。总体来看，东部地区交通基础设施建设对产业结构合理化与产业结构高级化的影响作用相较于中西部地区而言更显著，同时其促进作用也明显高于中西部地区。

第三，将交通可达度进行等级划分，发现交通可达度较高的地区，交通基础设施对其产业结构合理化和高级化总效应的影响最大。交通可达度适中的地区，交通基础设施对产业结构合理化总效应的影响不显著，对产业结构高级化总效应的影响显著为负。交通可达度较低的地区，交通基础设施对其产业结构合理化产生影响的总效应显著为负，对产业结构高级化总效应的影响显著为正。

最后，本文针对现阶段我国交通基础设施建设存在的问题，提出促进产业结构转型升级的对策建议。

Transportation infrastructure is a public service system to ensure the normal operation of social production and residents' life. It not only plays an important role in the interconnection of human and material resources in the process of providing basic services, but also forms a benign interaction with the transformation and upgrading of regional industrial structure. Since the reform and opening up, China's transportation infrastructure construction has developed rapidly and achieved remarkable results. However, there are significant differences in coverage rates among different regions, especially between the eastern and central and western regions. Therefore, the impact of transportation infrastructure on the transformation and upgrading of regional industrial structure has been a hot issue of continuous concern from all walks of life.

Based on the above background and through the study of relevant literature, this paper summarizes the effect and spatial characteristics of transportation infrastructure on the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure. The empirical part uses provincial panel data from 2000 to 2019 to explore the impact of transportation infrastructure on industrial structure transformation and upgrading, and draws the following conclusions:

First, the construction of transportation infrastructure accelerates the spatial transfer and flow of various products and production factors, intensifies industrial agglomeration and specialized division of labor, and plays an obvious role in promoting the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure. However, the construction of transportation infrastructure in neighboring areas does not significantly promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure in this region. At the same time, the promoting effect of transportation infrastructure on the rationalization of industrial structure is greater than its promoting effect on the upgrading of industrial structure.

Secondly, there are significant differences in the impact of transportation infrastructure on industrial structure transformation and upgrading in different regions of China, with regional heterogeneity. In general, the impact of transportation infrastructure construction on the rationalization and upgrading of industrial structure in eastern China is more significant than that in central and western China, and its promoting effect is also significantly higher than that in central and western China.

Thirdly, the paper classifies the traffic accessibility and finds that the transport infrastructure has the greatest influence on the overall effect of industrial structure rationalization and upgrading in the regions with higher traffic accessibility. In the region with moderate transportation accessibility, the impact of transportation infrastructure on the overall effect of industrial structure rationalization is not significant, but the impact on the overall effect of industrial structure upgrading is significantly negative. The overall effect of transportation infrastructure on the rationalization of industrial structure is significantly negative and the overall effect on the upgrading of industrial structure is significantly positive in the areas with low transportation accessibility.

Finally, in view of the problems existing in China's transportation infrastructure construction at the present stage, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure.