金融学院知识库

2005年“普惠金融”这一概念出现，引起了我国对普惠金融的重视。商业银行作为金融市场主体之一应主动承担发展普惠金融业务的重任。但由于普惠金融服务对象大部分为中低端客户，存在信息不对称以及高信用风险等问题，导致成本难以覆盖收入。数字普惠金融的诞生，为商业银行解决了放贷成本高的问题，但也为商业银行增加了运行平台风险和数字金融风险，同时面临着互联网科技公司的强大竞争压力。数字普惠金融的发展是否能够提升商业银行的经营绩效，这是一个有待验证的问题。

本文运用文献研究法、实证分析法等方法，深入挖掘数字普惠金融发展影响商业银行经营绩效的机理，为商业银行有效的数字化转型提供理论支撑。通过建立计量经济学模型，运用固定效应模型对121家商业银行2011年-2020年的面板数据进行实证分析。结果证明数字普惠金融的发展与银行经营绩效呈正相关，同时通过对国有控股商业银行和非国有控股商业银行的回归结果进行比较，发现数字化普惠金融为国有控股商业银行绩效带来了显著的提升，而非国有控股商业银行受到的数字普惠金融的正面影响较小。为更好的提升银行经营绩效水平，需解决数字普惠金融当前所存在的问题，降低银行的潜在成本。因此，根据商业银行当前的现状，为商业银行数字化创新发展之路提出五点可行性建议：一是与科技公司合作实现资源共享；二是继续开发新领域业务；三是提升对新型风险的管理能力；四是把握好普惠金融数字化边界；五是培养金融科技专项人才。

In 2005, the concept of "inclusive finance" appeared, which aroused the attention of inclusive finance in China.As one of the financial market subjects, commercial banks should take the initiative to undertake the heavy responsibility of developing inclusive finance business.However, as most of the inclusive financial services are middle and low-end customers, with information asymmetry and high credit risk, it is difficult for the cost to cover the income.The birth of digital inclusive finance has solved the problem of high lending cost for commercial banks, but it has also increased the risk of operating platform and digital financial risks for commercial banks, and has faced strong competitive pressure from Internet technology companies.Whether the development of digital inclusive finance can improve the operating performance of commercial banks is a question to be verified.

This paper uses literature research method, empirical analysis method and other methods to deeply explore the mechanism of digital inclusive finance development affecting the business performance of commercial banks, and provide theoretical support for the effective digital transformation of commercial banks.By establishing the econometric model, the fixed effect model was used to empirical analyze the panel data of 121 commercial banks from 2011 to 2020.The results proved that the development of digital pratt & whitney financial is positively associated with bank business performance, at the same time by comparing the state-owned holding commercial Banks and non-state-owned holding commercial Banks, found that digital pratt & Whitney financial for state-owned holding commercial Banks performance has brought significant improvement, and non-state-owned holding commercial Banks by the positive impact of digital pratt & whitney financial is smaller.In order to better improve the operating performance level of banks, solve the current problems of digital inclusive finance, and reduce the potential cost of banks.Therefore, according to the current situation of commercial banks, five feasible suggestions for the development of digital innovation: one is to cooperate with technology companies to achieve resource sharing; second, to continue to develop new business; third, to improve the management of new risks; fourth, to grasp the digital boundary of inclusive finance; fifth, to cultivate special fintech talents.