金融学院知识库

2013年以来，诸多互联网公司开始涉足金融业务，对商业银行造成了不小的冲击。商业银行也纷纷开始主动“拥抱”金融科技，对自身信贷资产质量产生了一定的影响。学界在这方面的研究大多侧重于分析商业银行受到的外部冲击，鲜有学者立足于商业银行视角，分析商业银行主动发展金融科技后的效果。因此，研究商业银行发展金融科技对信贷资产质量的影响有重要意义。

本文首先对金融科技及商业银行信贷资产质量概念进行阐述，其次分析了商业银行金融科技发展现状与信贷资产质量现状，接着探讨了商业银行发展金融科技对自身信贷资产质量的影响机制与传导路径，并选取了21家上市银行2011—2020年相关数据作为研究样本，通过对银行年报的文本挖掘分析合成得到了银行金融科技发展指数，进一步进行多元回归分析。结果表明：我国商业银行发展金融科技能够显著提高自身信贷资产质量，其中在全国性股份制商业银行中的提升作用最为明显。最后提出了可能的对策建议：大型国有商业银行金融科技发展水平较高，下一阶段发展更应注重提升质量、增加深度；股份制商业银行发展金融科技对提升信贷资产质量效果最为明显，应继续加大金融科技研发投入，凭借较强的创新能力与创新积极性争取实现对大型国有商业银行的弯道超车；城市与农村商业银行应借助金融科技相关技术，加强对政策性贷款的管理能力，进而提升信贷资产质量。

总之，金融科技在推动商业银行业务创新的同时，也带来了一些新的问题。但总体来看还是利大于弊，商业银行应该积极发展金融科技，提升信贷资产质量，实现自身稳健发展的同时为宏观经济的稳定贡献力量。

It has become a trend for ICT/ technology enterprises have started to step into the financial domain since 2013, and it is having a significant impact on those traditional Commercial banks. To leverage the predictable loss to the market share, the Commercial banks have also begun to invest and incorporate Fintech into their business areas. However, it has certain impacts on the quality of their credit assets. Academic research in this area is mostly focused on the analysis of the external impact on commercial banks, yet only a few scholars analyse the positive outcome of commercial banks' active development of fintech, from the internal perspective of the banks. Therefore, it is crucial to analyse the impact of commercial banks' development of fintech on the quality of their credit assets.

This paper firstly explains the overall concepts of fintech and the quality of credit assets of commercial banks, followed by the analysis of the current situation of fintech development and the quality of credit assets of commercial banks. Discussions of the impact mechanism and transmission path of commercial banks' development of fintech on their credit asset quality are then carried out, which uses the relevant data selected from 21 listed banks between 2011 to 2020 as the research sample. Through the text mining analysis of the bank annual report, the bank fintech development index is synthesized, and further multiple regression analysis is carried out. The results show that the development of fintech in China's commercial banks can significantly improve the quality of their credit assets, especially for the joint-stock commercial banks. Finally, some possible countermeasures and suggestions are concluded: the development level of fintech of state-owned commercial banks is high, and the next stage of development should pay more attention to improving the quality and depth; Joint-stock commercial banks' development of fintech has the most obvious effect on improving the quality of credit assets. They should continue to increase the investment in fintech research and development, and strive to overtake state-owned commercial banks with their competitive advantages of strong innovation ability and enthusiasm. Urban and rural commercial banks should strengthen the management of policy loans with the help of fintech so that the quality of credit assets can be improved.

To conclude, though fintech promotes the business innovation of commercial banks, it also brings some new issues, yet the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Commercial banks should actively develop fintech, and improve the quality of credit assets, which leads to enhancing their steady development and contributing to the stability of the macro-economy.