甘肃长期护理保险筹资机制研究

LZUFE-KMS > 经济学院

作者	王娜
姓名汉语拼音	wangna
学号	2019000001038
培养单位	兰州财经大学
电话	18298320914
电子邮件	3211704832@qq.com
入学年份	2019-9
学位类别	学术硕士
培养级别	硕士研究生
学科门类	经济学
一级学科名称	理论经济学
学科方向	政治经济学
学科代码	020101
授予学位	经济学硕士
第一导师姓名	柏正杰
第一导师姓名汉语拼音	baizhengjie
第一导师单位	兰州财经大学
第一导师职称	教授
题名	甘肃长期护理保险筹资机制研究
英文题名	Study on Financing Mechanism of Gan Su Long-term Care Insurance
关键词	失能长期护理保险筹资机制 ILO 筹资模型甘肃
外文关键词	Disability ; Long-term care insurance ; Financing mechanism ; ILO financing model ; Gansu
摘要	随着老龄化速度的加快，失能、半失能老人数量也在不断增加，但现有的社会保障体系无法提供相应的保障，我国积极借鉴国外经验，2016 年开始探索实施长期护理保险制度，已初见成效。对甘肃来说，失能老人照料问题亦很突出，老年人长期照护服务需求增加，但专业机构提供的服务，由于费用高昂大部分家庭难以负担，因而亟需建立社会性长期护理保险制度。事实上，政府层面也多次提出要构建长期护理保险制度，在当前国家政策支持与群众迫切需求背景下，甘肃推行长期护理保险正当其时，不仅可以完善甘肃社会保障体系建设，推动甘肃省社会保障事业的高质量发展，还能为失能老人提供应有的保障，而制度能否有效运行与资金充裕度密切相关，因此一套合理的筹资机制安排就显得尤为重要。本文基于福利多元主义、生命周期、基金平衡理论，首先从参保对象、筹资渠道、筹资模式、筹资标准等方面对比分析了 29 个试点地区筹资机制的异同，借鉴其成功做法；其次，选取荷兰、德国、日本、韩国四个实行社会保险模式的国家，总结其筹资机制设计和后期改革的经验，为甘肃建立合理的制度提供有益启示；再次，根据国内外经验设定相关筹资要素，并以 ILO 筹资模型为基础，通过其四个子系统模型结合甘肃省统计年鉴数据和 2019 年全国 1%人口变动数据，测算出 2021-2025 年长期护理保险总缴费比例为 0.655%-0.714%，以个人、单位、政府财政为主要资金来源，设计了三种费率负担方案，第一种方案下个人、单位、政府补贴的负担比例分别为：30%、30%、40%；第二种为 30%、40%、30%；第三种为 30%、50%、20%。综合考虑后第二种方案更加合适，个人和单位按 1：1 比例缴费，政府财政补贴负担40%，通过分析也证明第二种方案下各主体具备筹资的可行性；最后，应该加大政策宣传，不断扩大覆盖面；同时应明晰各方筹资责任，动态调整费率结构；在资金使用上要加强监督评估，保证资金有效使用，进而确保制度能够平稳运行。
英文摘要	With the acceleration of the aging rate, the number of disabled and semi-disabled elderly people is also increasing, but the existing social security system cannot provide the corresponding guarantee. China actively draws lessons from foreign experience and began to explore the implementation of long-term care insurance system in 2016, which has started to produce results. For the province of Gansu, the problem of care for the disabled is also very prominent. The demand for long-term care services for the elderly is increasing, but most families cannot bear the high cost of the services provided by professional institutions, so it is urgent to establish a social long-term care insurance system. In fact, the government has also proposed to build this kind of system. Facing the national policy’s support and urgent demand, it’s time for the province of Gansu to establish elder long-term care insurance, which not only can improve the construction of social security system, but also provide due guarantee for disable seniors. Which an effective operation system is closely related to capital abundance, that’s the reason why we should establish a reasonable financing mechanism arrangement. This paper is based on several theories: welfare pluralism, life cycle, and fund balance theory. First of all, the similarities and differences of financing mechanisms in 29 pilot areas are comparatively analyzed from the aspects of insured objects, financing channels, modes and standards, thus learning from the successful experience. Secondly, we selected four countries: the Netherlands, Germany, Japan, South Korea, that have implemented the social insurance model and summarized the relevant experience of financing mechanism design and later reform providing beneficial enlightenment for the establishment a reasonable system in Gansu province. Then, according to relevant financing elements in domestic and foreign experience and basing on the ILO financing model, we estimated that the total contribution ratio of long-term care insurance is 0.655%-0.714% from 2021-2025 through four subsystem models combined with the Gansu Provincial Statistical Yearbook data and the 1% national population change data in 2019. After that, we designed three rate burden schemes considering individuals, units and government finance as the main sources of funds: the first one under the burden ratio of individual, unit and government is: 30%, 30% and 40% respectively; the second type is 30%, 40%, 30%; the third one is 30%, 50% and 20%.We chose the second one: individuals and units pay at 1:1 ratio and the government financial subsidy burden of 40%, which proves the financing feasibility. Finally, we should increase policy publicity and expand coverage. At the same time, it should clarify the financing responsibilities of all parties and adjust the rate structure dynamically. In the use of funds to strengthen supervision and evaluation, to ensure the effective use of funds, and then to ensure that the system can run smoothly.
学位类型	硕士
答辩日期	2022-05-21
学位授予地点	甘肃省兰州市
研究方向	劳动关系与社会保障制度研究
语种	中文
论文总页数	68
参考文献总数	69
馆藏号	0004104
保密级别	公开
中图分类号	F0/45
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.lzufe.edu.cn/handle/39EH0E1M/32336
专题	经济学院
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王娜. 甘肃长期护理保险筹资机制研究[D]. 甘肃省兰州市. 兰州财经大学,2022.

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