统计与数据科学学院知识库

摘  要

  西部大开发战略实施以来，西部地区经济社会发展取得了历史性成就，但西部地区发展不平衡不充分问题依然突出。为保证后续西部大开发战略实施连贯性，

2020年5月17日，中共中央国务院提出要继续强化推进西部大开发形成新格局。在2021年底召开的中央经济会议中也明确指出，要继续实施区域重大战略，促进区域协调发展。因此，对过去西部大开发政策实施效果进行评估便显得尤为重要，这不仅能够为后续西部大开发政策完善提供一定的考量，也能为其他区域经济政策实施提供借鉴。

  本文以西部大开发为基点，首先对西部大开发相关文献进行了整理概括，在过去已有的研究基础上，确定西部大开发政策研究内容。其次，对西部大开发实施20年所颁布的政策进行回顾，分析西部地区在西部大开发政策背景下所取得的成效。再次，为分析西部大开发政策所取得的净效果，基于1990—2020年中国31省市面板数据，运用多期DID模型，剥离其他政策对西部地区影响因素，以经济增长、产业结构，可支配收入三个视角，评估西部大开发政策下西部地区以及西部周边地区所取得的净效果。最后，分析西部大开发政策实施至快速发展阶段中期可能存在的问题，并针对研究结果提出相关建议。经过研究，得出如下结论：第一，西部大开发能够有效促进西部地区经济增长和城镇居民人均可支配收入提高，但未促进产业结构优化。第二，西部大开政策存在滞后效应。第三，西部大开发政策虽然能够使西部地区发展水平提升，但东西部收入差距仍有拉大。第四，西部大开发政策对西部周边地区效果为负，即存在虹吸效应。根据上述研究结果，为进一步推进西部大开发顺利实施提出如下建议：首先，加大基础设施建设投入，保障西部地区的经济环境。其次，强化西部地区与其它国家贸易合作，引入国外资本，促进产业结构优化。再次，增加西部地区教育投入，提升劳动力素质，将知识转化为生产力。最后，加强减税降费力度，吸引企业入驻，鼓励高端技术创新。

关键词：西部大开发  政策效果  区域经济  多期DID

Abstract

  After the implementation of the western development strategy, the economic and social development of the western region has made historic achievements, but the unbalanced and insufficient development of the western region is still prominent. In order to ensure the consistency of the implementation of the follow-up western development strategy,On May 17, 2020, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council proposed to continue to strengthen the promotion of the western development and form a new pattern. The central economic conference held at the end of 2021 also clearly pointed out that we should continue to implement major regional strategies and promote coordinated regional development. Therefore, it is particularly important to evaluate the implementation effect of the past western development policy, which can not only provide some consideration for the improvement of the subsequent western development policy, but also provide reference for the implementation of other regional economic policies.

  Based on the western development, this paper first arranges and summarizes the relevant literature of the western development, and determines the research content of the western development policy on the basis of the existing research in the past. Secondly, it reviews the policies promulgated in the 20 years of the implementation of the western development, and analyzes the achievements of the western region under the background of the western development policy. Thirdly, in order to analyze the net effect of the western development policy, based on the panel data of 31 provinces and cities in China from 1990 to 2020, the multi-stage did model is used to peel off the influencing factors of other policies on the western region, and evaluate the net effect of the western region and its surrounding areas under the western development policy from the perspectives of economic growth, industrial structure and disposable income. Finally, Analyze the possible problems from the implementation of the western development policy to the middle stage of rapid development, and put forward relevant suggestions according to the research results. After research, the following conclusions are drawn: first, the western development can effectively promote the economic growth of the western region and the increase of the per capita disposable income of urban residents, but it does not promote the optimization of industrial structure. Second, the western development policy has a lag effect. Third, although the western development policy can improve the development level of the western region, the income gap between the East and the west is still widening. Fourth, the western development policy has a negative effect on the surrounding areas of the west, that is, there is a siphon effect. According to the above research results, the following suggestions are put forward to further promote the smooth implementation of the Western Development: first, increase investment in infrastructure construction to ensure the economic environment of the western region. Secondly, strengthen the trade cooperation between the western region and other countries, introduce foreign capital and promote the optimization of industrial structure. Thirdly, increase the investment in education in the western region, improve the quality of labor force and turn knowledge into productivity. Finally, we will strengthen tax reduction and fee reduction, attract enterprises to settle in, and encourage high-end technological innovation.

Key words: Western development ; Policy effect ;Regional economies ; Multi period did